1. Bell Ringer QUESTION #150 QUESTION #151 QUESTION #152 QUESTION #153
Answer the following questions in the EOC Practice Packet in the back of your INB:
QUESTION #150
QUESTION #151
QUESTION #152
QUESTION #153
QUESTION #154
QUESTION #155

2. Question 150
What constitutional issue was raised by President Johnson’s Great Society? a. Should taxes be raised to stimulate consumer spending? b. What foreign imports should be allowed into the United States? c. How far can the federal government extend itself in helping the less fortunate? d. Should certain key industries be taken over by the federal government?

3. Question 151
This statement expresses President Lyndon B. Johnson’s believe that the— a. federal government is solely responsible for the war on poverty b. court system must be held accountable for poverty c. problem of poverty is easily solved d. entire country must help in the struggle against poverty
“[T]he war against poverty will not be won here in Washington. It must be won in the field, in every private home, in every public office, from the courthouse to the White House….” --President Lyndon B. Johnson State of the Union Address January 8, 1964

4. Question 152
Which factor has contributed most to the trend shown in the graph? a. Recent constitutional amendments have allowed African Americans to run for office. b. Congressional legislation has helped to increase African-American participation in government. c. Technological advances allow African-American candidates to campaign more effectively. d. African-Americans have gained the resources necessary to pay poll taxes.

5. Question 153
A major goal of Lyndon B. Johnson’s Great Society was to— a. solve the problems of poverty, hunger, and racial injustice b. make state and local authorities pay for Federal social programs c. increase the number of Senators and members of the House of Representatives d. stimulate private enterprise by eliminating Federal regulation of industry

6. Question 154
Which factor best explains the situations shown in the graph? a. an increase in imports of consumer goods from foreign nations b. an increase in the wages of agricultural and household service workers c. and increase in education opportunities combined with affirmative action programs d. a growing refusal by blue-collar employers to hire African-Americans

7. Question 155
In the 1960s and 1970s, the Great Society programs and the Vietnam War demonstrated to the American people that— a. racism can be eliminated through governmental actions b. strong Presidents can exercise power without creating public controversy c. major problems can be solved without increasing the size and cost of the Federal Government d. spending money and using modern technology do not necessarily solve problems

8. The Civil Rights Movement
Essential Question: How did the Civil Rights Movement change the United States?

9. TEKS and Objectives
We will…
I will…
(9A) trace the historical development of the Civil Rights Movement (9C) identify the roles of MLK and Rosa Parks (9E) discuss the impact of writings of MLK on the Civil Rights Movement (9F) describe desegregation of the armed forces and the Civil Rights of 1957 and 1964 (9G) describe the roles of George Wallace, Orvall Faubus, Lester Maddox, and the Congressional bloc of Southern Democrats (9I) describe how Brown v. Board of Education and Sweatt v. Painter played a role in protecting the rights of the minority during the Civil Rights Movement (17D) identify how affirmative action created economic opportunities for citizens and analyze the unintended consequences (21A) analyze the effects of Brown v. Board of Education and Plessy v. Ferguson (23A) identify and analyze lobbying, non-violent protesting, litigation, and amendments to the U.S. Constitution (24B) evaluate the contributions of Thurgood Marshall and Billy Graham
complete a handout outlining the origins and impact of the Civil Rights Movement

10. Origins of the Civil Rights Movement
What was it?
The struggle of African Americans for equal rights
Major turning point in American history
Leads to similar movements (Mexican- Americans, women, LGBT)

11. Origins of the Civil Rights Movement
Jackie Robinson
First African-American to join the major leagues in 1947
President Truman
Executive order desegregated armed forces in 1948

12. Segregation in the South
“Jim Crow” Laws
Southern states passed segregation laws after the Civil War
Supreme Court stated in Plessy v. Ferguson that “separate but equal” was constitutional in 1896

13. Segregation in the South
NAACP
Established in 1909
Used the courts to challenge racists laws
Challenged “separate but equal” through litigation (law suits)

14. Segregation in the South
Sweatt v. Painter (1950)
Herman Sweatt sued to attend UT Law School
Texas constitution prohibited school segregation
UT created separate law school for blacks
U.S. Supreme Court ruled school for black students would be inferior and violated 14th Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause

15. Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
1953 Kansas Court Ruling
Linda Brown and others denied admission to nearby all-white public school

16. Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Thurgood Marshall
Attorney for the NAACP
Later became first African American on the Supreme Court
Argued segregated schools violated Brown’s “equal protection” under 14th Amendment

17. Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
The Brown Decision
Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson
Marked the end of legal segregation in public schools
Schools should be desegregated “with all deliberate speed”
Many states delayed Court’s order

18. The Little Rock Nine (1957) Orval Faubus Governor of Arkansas
Favored segregation
Ordered Arkansas National Guard to surround Little Rock High school to prevent nine African- American students from entering

19. The Little Rock Nine (1957) President Eisenhower U.S. Supreme Court
Black students threatened by angry mobs
Ordered federal troops to Little Rock to ensure students could attend school
U.S. Supreme Court
Faubus shut down schools
Court ordered them reopened

20. Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-1956)
Rosa Parks
African American seamstress and member of NAACP
Arrested for refusing to surrender her seat on a bus to a white passenger in Montgomery, Alabama

21. Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-1956)
Buses Boycotted
13-month boycott of the city’s public buses
MLK arrested/home bombed
Federal Court Ruling
Segregation of buses violated “equal protection” clause of 14th Amendment

22. Civil Rights Act of 1957 President Eisenhower
Gave federal courts power to register African American voters
Complicated procedures made act ineffective
Set the pattern for future civil rights legislations

23. Maintaining the Status Quo
Lester Maddox
African-Americans tried to enter his restaurant
Wielded an axe handle at them
Closed his restaurant when ordered to desegregate
Ran for Governor of Georgia and won

24. Maintaining the Status QUO
George Wallace
Governor of Alabama
Stood at the door to University of Alabama to stop two African-Americans from enrolling
Ran for president four times

25. Maintaining the Status Quo
Congressional Bloc of Southern Democrats
Southern Democrats in Congress
Obstructed attempts to pass federal civil rights legislation

26. Civil Rights Movement in the Sixties
Sit-Ins (1960)
African-American students sat at “Whites Only” lunch counters
Downtown stores desegregated lunch counters
African-American workers were hired

27. Civil Rights Movement in the Sixties
Freedom Riders (1961)
Interracial groups that rode buses in the South
Faced violence and even death
Helped overturn racial segregation on public transportation

28. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Called for Civil Disobedience
Opposing unjust laws with non- violent tactics
Peaceful marches, boycotts, picketing, demonstrations
Went to jail 29 times

29. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
“Letter from a Birmingham Jail”
Explained reasons why African- Americans could no longer wait patiently for constitutional rights
“everyone has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws”

30. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Billy Graham
Christian preacher who spoke out against segregation
Paid to bail out Dr. King from jail
Advised Eisenhower to send troops to Little Rock

31. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
March on Washington (1963)
Largest demonstration for human rights in U.S. history
Pressured Washington to pass Civil Rights Bill
Ended with meeting between JFK and Civil Rights leaders

32. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
“I Have a Dream Speech”
MLK called for civil and economic rights and an end to racism

33. The Fight Continues JFK Assassination
Encouraged Congress to pass legislation he had proposed
LBJ Helped push civil rights bill through Congress

34. The Fight Continues Civil Rights Act of 1964
Prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, or ethnic origin
Gave federal government the power to register voters
Established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

35. The Fight Continues 24th Amendment (1964) Selma Marches (1965)
Eliminated poll taxes in federal elections
Selma Marches (1965)
MLK marched in Selma, Alabama demanding voting rights
Demonstrators attacked
LBJ introduced voting rights bill

36. The Fight Continues Voting Rights Act of 1965 MLK Assassination
Ended poll taxes and literacy tests
Resulted in increase of African- American voters
MLK Assassination
April 4, 1968
Shot in Memphis, Tennessee
Riots break out throughout the country