1. Bell Ringer QUESTION #94 QUESTION #95 QUESTION #96
Answer the following questions in the EOC Practice Packet in the back of your INB:
QUESTION #94
QUESTION #95
QUESTION #96

2. Question 94
Which of the following contributed most to the situation described in this excerpt? a. The rise of corporate monopolies b. Strict banking regulations and high income tax rates c. The influx of immigrants into urban areas d. High unemployment and widespread home foreclosures
An estimated thousand people lived in St. Louis’s Hooverville, located on the banks of the Mississippi near the city dump. In New York, noted one observer in 1931, hobos were “coming into the city in larger numbers than ever before and have set up a ‘jungle’ for themselves in the heart of the East Side” on vacant lots owned by the city. --Kenneth Kusmer, 2002

3. Question 95
The economic conditions described in this excerpt contributed to— a. a global economic depression b. an increase in foreign investments in the U.S. market c. the adoption of the gold standard d. an increase in free market activity
As early as 1925, then-Secretary of Commerce Hoover had warned President Coolidge that stock market speculation was getting out of hand. Yet in his final State of the Union Address, Coolidge saw no reason for alarm. Hoover, however, remained fearful. Even before his inauguration, he urged the Federal Reserve to halt “crazy and dangerous” gambling on Wall Street by increasing the discount rate the Federal Reserve charged banks for speculative loans. He asked magazines and newspapers to run stories warning of the dangers of rampant speculation. But Presidents in 1929 were not supposed to regulate Wall Street, or even talk about the gyrating market for fear of inadvertently setting off a panic, and Hoover backed off. --Richard Norton Smith and Timothy Walch, “The Ordeal of Herbert Hoover,” 2004

4. Question 96
How did the introduction of these new practices most benefit U.S. business? a. By increasing production efficiency b. By preventing shortages of goods c. By increasing protective tariffs d. By decreasing exports
As secretary of commerce … Herbert Hoover seized on the cooperation between industry and science that had emerged during World War I and boldly extended it further into the realm of commerce … Among Secretary Hoover’s most significant initiatives … was standardization and simplification of industrial parts and procedures … The formulation of standard weights for loaves of bread, standard sizes for cans, and uniform rating of canned goods for quality, as well as standardization of packaging units … greatly facilitated distribution, retailing, and accounting. --“Herbert Hoover, Economic Mastermind,” Library of Congress, (accessed March 18, 2014)

5. FDR and the New Deal
Essential Question: How did the New Deal offer a new approach to confronting the Depression?

6. TEKS and Objectives Identify the purpose of alphabet soup agencies
We will…
I will…
(16D) compare the New Deal policies and its opponents’ approaches (16E) describe how various New Deal agencies and programs (19A) evaluate the impact New Deal legislation (19B) explain constitutional issues raised by federal government policy (26D) identify the political, social, and economic contributions of Eleanor Roosevelt
Identify the purpose of alphabet soup agencies
Create a magic foldable with details about the Great Depression

7. The Great Depression Causes Effects Overproduction Speculation
Buying on Credit
Hawley Smoot Tariff
Stock Market Crash
Dust Bowl
Business Failures
High Unemployment
Bank Failures
Increased Suicides
Homelessness
Poverty

8. Election of 1932 Herbert Hoover (REP) Franklin D. Roosevelt (DEM)
Very unpopular for failing to act during the Great Depression
Franklin D. Roosevelt (DEM)
Governor of New York
Promised Americans a NEW DEAL to put them back to work
Landslide victory

10. A New Style of Leadership
“The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”
“Fireside Chats”
Radio addresses to the American people
Restored public confidence with his optimism

11. A New Style of Leadership
Diagnosed with Polio at 39
Disease that affects the nerves and spine
Could only walk short distances with crutches
Made him sympathetic to suffering of others

12. A New Style of Leadership
Eleanor Roosevelt
First Lady
President’s eyes and ears
traveled throughout the country and around the world
Spoke strongly for women’s rights, the cause of peace, and the poor

13. Women During the Great Depression
Mothers and Homemakers
Cooking, cleaning, caring for children
Had to quietly make ends meet
It’s Up the Women
Book by Eleanor Roosevelt
Called on women to pull their families through the crisis

14. Women During the Great Depression
Frances Perkins (Secretary of Labor)
First female member of the U.S. Cabinet
Played in a key role in passage of important legislation

15. New Deal Legislation First Hundred Days
FDR called Congress in to a special session
Virtually all of the important bills FDR submitted were enacted
Bills were intended to provide the R’s – Relief, Recovery, Reform

16. New Deal Legislation Relief Recovery Reform
Ease suffering of the needy
Recovery
Increase production and consumer spending
Reform
Prevent another depression in the future

17. New Deal Programs Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Insured bank deposits so people will not lose savings if bank fails

18. New Programs Social Security Administration
Provided workers with unemployment insurance, old age pensions, and life insurance if they died early

19. New Deal Programs Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
Regulated the stock market, prevented fraud, and guarded against another crash

20. New Deal Programs Public Works Administration (PWA)
Created federal jobs by building public projects
Schools, roads, courts, post offices, bridges
Civil Works Administration (CWA)
Created manual labor jobs for the unemployed

21. Critics of the New Deal Senator Huey Long
“Share Our Wealth” Plan called for heavy taxes on rich
Promised income, car, and free college education to families

22. Critics of the New Deal Father Charles Coughlin Radio Priest
Blamed business owners (especially Jews) for economic crisis
Called for government ownership of banks and utilities

23. Critics of the New Deal Francis Townsend
Created plan to provide pensions for elderly
wanted $200/month pensions for citizens 65 and older

24. U.S. Supreme Court National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
gave President power to regulate interstate commerce
First Agricultural Adjustment Act
Government paid farmers to plant less
Hoped to increase crop prices

25. U.S. Supreme Court Supreme court
Ruled NIRA and AAA unconstitutional because they violate states’ rights
Even at even during a national crisis, Congress cant’ give President more power than granted by Constitution

26. U.S. Supreme Court Court-Packing Scheme
Roosevelt proposed plan to allow President to add a new appointment for every Justice over 70
Roosevelt could have appointed 6 Justices if approved
Condemned by the public/rejected by Congress