1. ZOOLOGY Intro to Animals
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2. _______________ = study of life
________________ = Study of the functions of organs
______________ = the structure of the organism/organs
______________ = study of animals

3. Which of these is an “animal”?

4. Answer: They are all animals!

5. Animal Groups
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6. Animal Kingdom Phyla Phylum _________ – sponges
Phylum _________ – sea anemones, jellyfish, hydra

10. Phylum _______________________ - flatworms
Free-living Planarian
Parasitic Tapeworm

13. Phylum _______________ – roundworms
Phylum _____________ – segmented worms

16. Phylum _______________ – clams, squid, snails

18. Octopus and Squid are also Mollusks.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

19. Sea slugs belong to the Phylum Mollusca.

21. Phylum _______________ – crustaceans, insects, spiders
This is the _____________ phylum in the animal kingdom and contains the most number of species

22. Phylum __________________ - starfish

23. Phylum Echinodermata - Spiny skinned organisms.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

27. A sea cucumber belongs to the Phylum Echinodermata.
How is it different than the sea slug which belongs to Mollusca?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

30. Which picture below is in the Phylum Mollusca, and which is in the Phylum Echinodermata?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

31. Phylum _____________ – includes all vertebrates

32. Characteristics of ALL Animals:
Are ______________________
cells have nucleus & membrane bound organelles
get food from consuming other organisms
made of many cells
Show ______________________
different kinds of cells do different jobs

33. Characteristics of ALL Animals:
5. ___________ (at some point in life cycle)
for food, find mates, escape danger
Contain ______
which carries the genetic code
7. ____________________
Make offspring
Most have sexual reproduction (few asexual)

34. 10 Body Systems : (fur, skin, scales, feathers)
1. ______________________
OUTSIDE BODY COVERING
(fur, skin, scales, feathers)
___________ and ___________, ID, prevents heat & water loss
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Fish image from:
Frog image from:
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35. Breaks down food to obtain nutrients & gets rid of undigested waste
2. _______________
Breaks down food to obtain nutrients & gets rid of undigested waste
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36. ____ OPENINGS: Food enters through ________

37. Only ______ opening: FOOD IN and WASTE OUT through ______ opening
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Only ______ opening: FOOD IN and WASTE OUT through ______ opening

38. ____________ openings:
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____________ openings:
FOOD IN at one end (mouth) WASTE OUT at other end (ANUS)

39. ________________: Most ____________
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________________: Most ____________
If food flows only one direction it allows for organ ____________________
(Different parts can start to do different jobs)

40. Transports nutrients/oxygen to body _________
3. _______________
Transports nutrients/oxygen to body _________
Carries carbon dioxide/nitrogen waste _________ from cells
Circulatory fluid can be:
inside blood vessels = ________
loose inside body spaces = _________
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41. 4. _____________ Exchange _______ with the environment take in oxygen
get rid of waste gases (CO2 &/or ammonia)
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42. Get rid of __________ waste made by cells
5. ________________
Get rid of __________ waste made by cells
Help with _________________ by maintaining water/ion balance
(_________________)

43. NITROGEN WASTE : _____________ Most TOXIC Must be removed ____________
Needs MOST water to dilute
________ Made from ammonia by liver
Less toxic than ammonia
Can be ___________ if diluted with water
(Needs less water to dilute than ammonia)
____________
LEAST TOXIC
Can be stored if diluted with water
(Needs ________ amount of water to dilute)

44.
NITROGEN WASTE

45. Framework to support body/protection
6. _______________
Framework to support body/protection
Skeleton on inside = __________________
Skeleton on outside = _________________
Walking skeleton image from:
Insect lefg image from:

46. ________________ move body itself
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7. ________________
________________ move body itself OR
move substances __________ body (EX: food through digestive system; blood through vessels)

47. 8. ________________
Produce offspring by combining genetic material from 2 parents = _________ REPRODUCTION
Produce offspring using genetic material from only ___ parent = ____________ REPRODUCTION
Family image from:
Planaria animation:

48. ___________ DEVELOPMENT - immature LARVA looks ___________ than adult
_________ DEVELOPMENT young are _______ versions of
adults
Metamorphosis image from:
Frog image from:
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49. Sperm and egg join ___________ female’s body =
___________ fertilization
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50. 9. ______________ Receive sensory info about ______________ &
send __________ signals

51. 10. ____________ Make ___________ that regulate other body systems
(only in higher animals)
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52. Kinds of Symmetry
No symmetry
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry

53. _____________ = No symmetry
Doesn’t matter how you cut it; you _______ get 2 identical halves.
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54. ________ Symmetry Get 2 identical halves in _____________ directions.
Jelly fish image:
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Get 2 identical halves in _____________ directions.

55. ___________ Symmetry
If divide animal down the _________ you get 2 mirror images
BUT only divides equally in ______ direction
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56. Identify the Symmetry

57. Trends in Animal Evolution
Early Development
Animals begin life as a _________ (fertilized egg)

58. The cells in the zygote divide to form the ____________ - a hollow ball of cells

59. The blastula pinches inward to form three ________ LAYERS
___________
Digestive system,
respiratory
Muscle, excretory, bones, circulatory
Outer skin, brain, nervous system

61. 3 Types of Coeloms ACOELOM EUCOELOM PSEUDOCOELOM ectoderm mesoderm
endoderm
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62. Types of Coeloms (See-Lums)
________________ (space) formed within the mesoderm that surrounds the internal organs
____________ = “without space”
No cavity (space) around organs
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63. FLATWORMS are ACOELOMATES!

64. Types of Coeloms (See-Lums)
Space around _______ but only lined with _____________ on one side
(lines body wall BUT NOT around gut)
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__________________

65. ROUND WORMS are PSEUDOCOELOMATES!

66. Kinds of Coeloms (See-Lums)
____________: Body cavity (space) lined on _______ sides by mesoderm
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EUCOELOM = TRUE COELOM = COELOM

67. EUCOELOMATES
______ VERTEBRATES & ________ INVERTEBRATES

68. Advantages of having a COELOM (body space):
Provides _________ for internal organs
In animals without a skeleton- _________ in coelom space can act as a __________________ skeleton
In animals without blood ____________- Fluid in coelom space can circulate ______________ and oxygen to cells

69. WHY is a EUCOELOM the best?
__________ organ muscles and _____ wall muscles come from MESODERM in different ________ so organism can digest food and move at same time.
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70. Which way is up? ____________ (top) _____________ tail end
_____________ head end
_______________ (underneath)
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71. ______________ - an anterior concentration of sense organs (to have a head)
*The more _________ the animals becomes the more pronounced their cephalization
Octopus – member of the class Cephalopoda (head-foot)

72. Segmentation
- "advanced" animals have body ______________, and _____________________ of tissue (even humans are segmented, look at the ribs and spine)