1. Sustainable Resource Initiatives Transitioning to ZNE
CGSA Conference 2019
Pillars of Greatness
April 18

2. CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness
Charley Marchesano
Chief,
Energy and Sustainability Program
Presenters
Susan Freed
Project Manager,
Energy and Sustainability Program
Randy Britt
Vanir
Chief Sustainability Officer
Jenny Whitson
Vanir
Sustainability Project Manager
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness

3. CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness
Agenda
ZNE background
Recipe for ZNE
Case Studies
What’s coming up
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness

4. CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness
ZNE Background
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness
April 18

5. Zero Net Energy (ZNE) Definition:
An energy-efficient building/campus/portfolio/community where, on a source energy basis, the actual annual consumed energy is less than or equal to the on-site renewable generated energy.
*Some exceptions for off-site generated energy

6. Zero Net Energy Categories
Campus
Generate and use renewable energy within a multiple building campus to the extent possible.
Portfolio
Generate and use renewable energy within an owner’s portfolio to the extent possible.
Community
Purchase renewable energy from in-state utility for some portion of the energy used at the site with a 20-year* contract.
Building
Generate and use renewable energy on-site to the extent possible and cost-effective.
*RECs must be owned by the electricity customer and retired by the utility.
Certain process loads, such as EV charging, are excluded and do not count toward ZNE Certification

7. County of San Diego Background
Zero Net Energy Portfolio Plan 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6-
New construction is required to be ZNE
12%
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

8. County of San Diego Background
ZNE Inventory
Occupied
Construction
Solicitation
Occupied Facilities
Alpine Library
12,700 sf
May 2016 opened
Imperial Beach Library
14,800 sf
Apr 2017 opened
North Coastal Live Well Center
54,500 sf
Aug 2018 opened
Borrego Springs Library
13,600 sf
Dec 2018 opened
Construction Phase
East County ARCC
25,000 sf
Fall 2019 scheduled
Santa Ysabel Nature Center
6,300 sf
Solicitation
Ohio Street Probation Office
21,000 sf
 Summer 2021 anticipated
Lakeside Library
16,900
 Spring 2021 anticipated
Southeast Live Well Center
80,000 sf
 Fall 2021 anticipated
Juvenile Justice Campus
130,000 sf
Fall 2021 anticipated
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

9. Recipe for
ZNE
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness

10. Can’t I just take out the ZNE part?
What Makes it ZNE
Primarily – energy efficiency
Affects building form and technologies
Secondly – match with renewables
Design to maximize PV output
Thirdly – monitor to manage
All energy end uses will be submetered
I have budget issues.
Can’t I just take out the ZNE part?
Which is hardest to accomplish?
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

11. CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

12. Study Feasibility Options modeling
Study options to get energy use low
Determine how much PV site can support
Find affordable and effective match
Source: Brummitt Energy Associates
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

13. Get the Right Team Design Build RFP Use team with prior experience!!
Consumption/production info from Feasibility study
Exceed Title 24 by 20%
Energy modeling requirements
Measurement and verification requirements
Use team with prior experience!!
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

14. Use Advanced Technologies
LED lighting
Solar PV
Daylight harvesting
VRF HVAC
Solar thermal
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

15. Metering End Uses
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

16. Measurement and Verification
M&V support to manage process
M&V plan
Clearly ID metering products and methods
Assign single point of responsibility
Document
Set up for monitoring
M&V is not common practice and must be managed
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

17. What happens if we don’t commission the monitoring system?
Commissioning
Independent CxA
Monitor design process
Support M&V planning
Coordinate controls installation
Don’t occupy until Cx is complete
What happens if we don’t commission the monitoring system?
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

18. Commissioning CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18
Meters not commissioned
PV sporadic
Systems working
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

19. Case Studies Alpine Library CARB Southern CA County Admin Bldg
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness

20. Alpine Library Design-build 2014-2016 Building climate zone 10
Industry-standard technologies
Submeters monitoring end uses
Design for ZNE + buffer
2 years of net positive
2018 performance (~4% positive)
Consumption= ~105,000 kWh
Production= ~109,000 kWh
Source: FPB Architects
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness

21. Analysis of Energy Use – Net Annual
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness

22. Analysis of Energy Use - NEM
Net Energy Metering
To compensate for consumption
Bank production with utility
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness

23. Analysis of Energy Use - Daily
Net Zero doesn’t mean never using the grid
Over-generation in the middle of the day
But evening (peak time) spikes could be costly
Daily consumption profile
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness

24. Successes and Challenges
Alpine Library ZNE for two years
ZNE req’s attracts high quality professionals
Challenges
Industry lack of familiarity with ZNE
Control/monitoring systems coordination
Natural ventilation and occupant comfort
Acquisition of PV through PPA
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

25. CARB Southern CA Consolidation Project

26. CARB Southern CA Consolidation Project
Design-build team is Hensel Phelps/ ZGF Architects/ AEI Engineers
Project challenges & highlights
Office/ lab space with high energy use testing equipment
Limited open space for ground mounted energy generation systems
Renewable Energy & Storage solutions:
3.8 MW of rooftop and carport solar generating 6,200,000 kWh annually
1.5 MW of battery energy storage
Excess PV generation will offset 10% of the EV charging load
Green power will be purchased from the utility for remaining EV charging energy load
ZNE Status:
Design is 100% complete; project under construction
Projected to be 3% net-positive annual performance for the building

27. CARB Southern CA Consolidation Project

28. CARB Southern CA Consolidation Project

29. CARB Southern CA Consolidation Project
Annual Hourly Electrical Demand Profile Simulation
RPU Sell-back Rate Conditions
Annual Hourly Battery Discharge Simulation

30. County Administration Building ZNE Gap Analysis

31. County Administration Building
Design-build project
Project challenges & highlights
In the process of achieving LEEDv4 Gold
Requested a ZNE Gap Analysis during the process of design
Solar included in 50% design
Gap analysis results:
Annual kWh- 738,126
Annual renewable energy production kWh- 685,654
Annual kWh gap- 52,472 (6.1% Gap)
Recommendations to reduce plug loads, increase controls and/or operational staff and occupant behavior modifications or add PV or energy storage equivalent to 45kW
ZNE Status:
Complete a feasibility study for additional solar and/or battery storage

32. CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness
What’s
Coming Up
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness
April 18

33. Transition toward zero carbon
Time of use rates after sundown will increase
Energy storage will become requirement
Codes could transition to zero carbon within 10 years
All electric for heating and cooking
CGSA Conference 2019 Pillars of Greatness April 18

34. Zero Net Energy During Construction
REDUCE OVERALL FUEL CONSUMPTION & DELIVERIES 1
USE ALTERNATIVE FUELS IN HEAVY EQUIPMENT
REDUCE
OVERALL CONSTRUCTION ENERGY CONSUMPTION
HYBRID OR ELECTRIC PROJECT VEHICLES
ENERGY EFFICIENT
TRAILERS
ON-SITE RENEWABLES
AND/ OR PURCHASE
REC OFFSETS
Certain process loads, such as EV charging, are excluded and do not count toward ZNE Certification