1. History of Black Hole Research
Kim Nanhyeon

2. Contents
1. Origin of Concept about a Black Hole
2. General Relativity
3. Arthur Eddington’s Idea
4. The Death of Stars
5. Golden Age
6. Black Hole Thermodynamics
7. Information Paradox

3. Origin of Concept about a Black Hole
John’s Mitchell’s letter to Henry Cavendish
The dark ball where the light can’t escape
The light can be affected by the gravity?

4. General Relativity
The light is affected by gravity!
Schwarzschild metric
r=0 , r=2GM : sigularity

5. General Relativity
Question : Is Schwarzschild radius a physical singularity?
Coordinate transform
r=2GM : coordinate singularity
Physical interpretation : r=2GM is an event horizon.

6. Arthur Eddington’s Idea, 1926
In general relativity, very large stars like Betelgeuse can’t have very large density.
The light doesn’t escape from the star
Too big red shift will make spectrum lines vanish.
Too big distortion of spacetime will hide the star

7. Chandrasekar limit (White dwarf)
The Death of Stars
Chandrasekar limit (White dwarf)
ħ is the reduced Planck constant
c is the speed of light
G is the gravitational constant
μe is the average molecular weight per electron, which depends upon the chemical composition of the star.
mH is the mass of the hydrogen atom.
ω03 ≈  is a constant connected with the solution to the Lane–Emden equation.
As √ħc/G is the Planck mass

8. The Death of Stars
Neutron star
Electron degeneracy pressure loses
Neutron degeneracy pressure vs. Gravity
The death of Heavier stars?

9. The Death of Stars
Black hole

10. Golden Age
Rotating black hole : Kerr metric
Charged black hole : Reissner–Nordström metric
Rotating and charged black hole : Kerr-Newman metric

11. Black Hole Thermodynamics
General Relativity
Black Hole Thermodynamics
Black hole
Black body at finite temperature
Mass
Energy
Surface area
Entropy
Surface gravity
Temperature

12. Black Hole Thermodynamics
Black hole temperature
Black hole entropy

13. Black Hole Thermodynamics
The first law of thermodynamics
The second law of thermodynamics
The third law of thermodynamics?

14. Black Hole Thermodynamics
Hawking radiation = Black body radiation of Black hole

15. Information Paradox
Where are other kinds of information except mass, angular momentum and charge?
Other kinds of information disappear!
Sum of probability conservation vs. Disappearance of information

16. Reference - Contents

17. Reference - figure

18. Thank you for listening!