1. Existence of Dark Matter
남성현
맹지호

2. Dark Matter

3. MOdified Newtonian Dynamics
𝐹= 𝑚 𝑔 𝜇 𝑎 𝑎 0 𝑎 𝜇 𝑥≫1 ≈1, 𝜇 𝑥≪1 ≈𝑥
Weizmann Institute of Technology, Department of Particle and Astrophysics
M. Milgrom (1946~)

4. MOdified Newtonian Dynamics
G. Gentile et al. (2010). Mass models from high-resolution HI data of the dwarf galaxy NGC Monthly Notices of Royal Astronomical Society. 000.

5. NGC-1052 DF2
NASA/ESA/P. van Dokkum (Yale University)]

6. (Normally, 𝑀 𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑘 / 𝑀 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟 ≳400)
NGC-1052 DF2
𝑀 𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑘 / 𝑀 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟 ≲4
(Normally, 𝑀 𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑘 / 𝑀 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟 ≳400)
NGC-1052 DF2
Pieter van Dokkum et al(2018). A galaxy lacking dark matter. Nature 555.

7. Bullet Cluster
NASA/CXC/M. Weiss - Chandra X-Ray Observatory: 1E

8. Conclusion Dark matter may or MAY NOT be present in a galaxy
Rejects MOND and any other theories that suggests an alternative to dark matter
Dark matter is separable from matter

9. Other Alternative Theories?
Scalar Field
Sterile Neutrinos
Photons
Etc…

10. Reference
M. Milgrom (1983). A Modification of the Newtonian Dynamics as a Possible Alternative to the Hidden Mass Hypothesis. The Astrophysical Journal, Part I, vol. 270.
G. Gentile et al. (2010). Mass models from high-resolution HI data of the dwarf galaxy NGC Monthly Notices of Royal Astronomical Society. 000.
Pieter van Dokkum et al(2018). A galaxy lacking dark matter. Nature 555.
Leonard Kelley(2019). MOND and Other Theories on Dark Matter and Dark Energy. Owlcation.