1. WORLD WAR I

2. WORLD WAR I Previous Conditions France and Germany
were bitter enemies.
Franco-Prussian War.
Germany gained
control of Alsace and
Lorraine.
Why was this
important?

3. WORLD WAR I Previous Conditions Great Britain—Why is Britain important
geographically? Who do
you think they were
competing against and
Why?

4. WORLD WAR I Previous Conditions Russia has geopolitical
issues as well dating as
far back as 1856.

5. Pan-Slavism, Pan-Germanism
WORLD WAR I
LONG TERM CAUSES
Nationalism
Pan-Slavism, Pan-Germanism
Militarism
Alliances

6. WORLD WAR I Nationalism The Balkans were an area of concern for
three empires: Turkey, Austria-Hungary
and Russia
Austria-Hungary annexed
Bosnia-Herzegovina in 1908.
Serbia resents Austria-Hungary considering
there were Serbs in Bosnia-Herzegovina.

7. Pan-Slavism—Pan-Germanism
WORLD WAR I
Pan-Slavism—Pan-Germanism
Russia’s right to protect all Germany’s protection of
Slavic people living in Europe all German speaking people in Europe
Russia Serbia Austria Germany
-Hungary Clash between these
two enemies

8. WORLD WAR I
Militarism
Great Britain—How did geography affect militarism?
Naval Race—Germany had one of the most powerful armies but needed to build up its navy.
Great Britain viewed this as a challenge. They created the
Two-Power Standard—
Consequence of Militarism
--Fear and Distrust in Europe
--Military leaders had influence over civilian
leaders

9. WORLD WAR I Alliances Dual Alliance---Germany and Austria—1879
Agreed to help each other if attacked by Russia
1882
Triple Alliance—Italy joins. If any three are attacked each one
responds in kind
Central Powers the addition of the Ottoman Empire

10. WORLD WAR I Alliances Triple Entente France Great Britain Russia
Russia viewed Germany as a threat
Triple Entente becomes the Allied Powers

11. World War I
Alliances

12. World War I Immediate Cause
The Balkans—
The Powder Keg of Europe

13. World War I Immediate Cause
Archduke Franz Ferdinand heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary
Sarajevo
(Capital of Bosnia)
Occupied by Slavs and Serbians
Assassinated on June 28, 1914
by Gavro Princip and others
a Serbian Nationalist

14. World War I
Crash Course World History #36

15. World War I

16. World War I

17. World War I

18. World War I

19. What happens after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
World War I
Immediate Cause
What happens after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
Austria Serbia
1) Serbia must end all anti-Austria
agitation.
2) Punish any Serbian official involved in the
plot.
3) Must let Austria join the investigation
However, Ultimatum
(final list of demands)
sends

20. World War I July 28, 1914 --Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.
--Germany declares war on Russia and
France.
--Great Britain is threatened and declares war
on Germany on August 4, 1914.

21. World War I
How does the United States get involved? Lusitania--a British cruise liner

22. German Perspective World War I They believed the ship was armed with
weapons.
Result—American public opinion of the war changes for the worse

23. World War I
Lustania

24. Zimmermann Note World War I German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann
Ambassador to Mexico
Germany would help Mexico “to re-conquer the lost territory in New Mexico, Texas and Arizona”
Intercepted by the British in 1917
Wilson declares war in April 1917

25. World War I Zimmermann Note
A 1917 Clifford K. Berryman political cartoon depicting a personified Germany carving up the United States after a never-to-materialize victory over America and its allies. Image Credit: Library of Congress

26. Results World War I Treaty of Versailles
War Guilt Clause, Germany was responsible for starting World War I
Allies divided up Germany’s colonies
Germany had to pay reparations to the victors
Reduced Germany’s military, no army or navy

27. Treaty of Versailles World War I