1. 9-7: Ending World War II,

2. Thematic Learning Objectives
NAT 3.0 Analyze how ideas about national identity changed in response to U.S. involvement in international conflicts and the growth of the United States.
NAT 4.0 Analyze relationships among different regional, social, ethnic, and racial groups, and explain how these groups’ experiences have related to U.S. national identity.
WOR 2.0 Analyze the reasons for and results of U.S. diplomatic, economic, and military initiatives in North America and overseas.

3. Key Concept
Participation in a series of global conflicts propelled the United States into a position of international power while renewing domestic debates over the nation’s proper role in the world.

4. Overview War aims Reasons for Victory U.S. emerges as global leader
Preserve freedom and democracy
Fight fascism and militarism
Reinforced by discovery of atrocities and Holocaust
Reasons for Victory
Allied cooperation
Technological and scientific advances
Military strategy
U.S. emerges as global leader

5. The Battlefronts Fighting Germany Defeat Hitler First
Defense at Sea, Attacks by Air
From North Africa to Italy
From D-Day to Victory in Europe
German surrender
Discovery of the Holocaust

6. The Battlefronts Fighting Japan
Early Japanese victories in the Pacific
Turning Point, 1942
Island-Hopping
Atomic Bombs
Manhattan Project
Decision to Use Bomb
Saving American lives
Force an end to the war
Forestall Soviet intervention
Bombing of Japan
Japan Surrenders

7. Wartime Conferences Big Three Casablanca (Jan. ‘43) Moscow (Oct. ‘43)
Call for “unconditional surrender”
Moscow (Oct. ‘43)
USSR to enter war against Japan after fall of Germany
Yalta (Feb. ’45)
Partition of Germany
Soviet satellite states
Potsdam (Jul. ‘45)
Atomic bomb decision
Call for Nuremberg Trials

8. The War’s Legacy Costs United Nations
50 million deaths—military and civilian
Asia and Europe ravaged by war
U.S.: 15 million soldiers; 300,000 KIA and 800,000 WIA
U.S. emerges as leading world power
United Nations
Pledged principles of Atlantic Charter
Peace-keeping organization