1. Shafts, spline shafts
Flóra Hajdu
B406

2. Content
Shafts
Spline shafts and spline hubs
Hajdu Flóra

3. Shafts Purpose of shafts carrying rotating machine parts
transferring loads and torque

4. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
CAD model of a shaft

5. Technical drawing of a shaft

6. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Technical drawing of a shaft

7. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Technical drawing of a shaft

8. Aspects of shaft design
Divided design
To reduce stress, rounds, chamfers, transitions, undercuts

9. Reduce stress

10. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Shaft ends

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Shaft ends
Source: Standards by István Házkötő

12. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Shaft ends
Source: Standards by István Házkötő

13. Shaft ends
Source: Standards by István Házkötő

14. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Undercuts

15. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Undercuts

16. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Undercuts in case of threads

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Undercuts, runouts in case of threads

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Center holes
During the manufacturing process, center holes are used to support the shafts and as a basis

19. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Center holes

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Center holes

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Center holes
Simplified dimensioning
e.G „A” type with d1 = 2 mm dimension center hole

22. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Undercut for axial retaining ring
Standardized undercut

23. Splines
A splined shaft is a shaft having multiple grooves, or keyseats, cut around its circumference for a portion of its length, in order that a sliding engagement may be made with corresponding internal grooves of a mating part.
carrying heavier loads than keys,
permit lateral movement of a part, parallel to the axis of the shaft, while maintaining positive rotation, and allow the attached part to be indexed or changed to another angular position.
Hajdu Flóra

24. Splines Advantage: Disadvantage Even torque transmission Concentricity
High load capacity
Disadvantage
expensive
Space requirement

25. Splines
Involute splines: similar in shape to involute gear teeth but have pressure angles of 30°, 37.5°, or 45°. 2 types of fits: side fit and the major diameter fit
Straight-Side Splines: The most popular are the SAE straightside splines. They have been used in many applications in the automotive and machine industries.
Serrations: shallow, involute splines with 45° pressure angles. They are primarily used for holding parts, such as plastic knobs, on steel shafts.
Hajdu Flóra

26. Splines - fits
Source: C. Jensen, J. D. Helsel, D. R. Short: Engineering Drawing&Design
Hajdu Flóra

27. Splines Torque transmission is approximately even
High torque with relatively narrow binding
Due to the design of the ribs, it can have a significant stress-collecting effect
Profiles: Involute splines, Straight-side splines, Serrations
Application: machine tools, vehicles
Fastening by shape
Maing surfaces often slip
Harding and grinding of ribs
Centering straight-side splines: internal lead, external lead, spline lead
Production: milling

28. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
CAD model of spline shaft

29. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Technical drawing of spline shaft
A borda kialakítása DIN 5464 szerint

30. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
CAD model of spline hub

31. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Technical drawing of spline hub

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Representation of splines - realistic
Detailed
Simplified

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Representation of splines - schematic

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Representation of splines - schematic

35. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Dimensioning splines
Shape of splines
Standard
Quantity
Inner diameter
Outer diameter
Width of splines
Tolerances

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Standardized splines
Source: Standards by István Házkötő

37. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Standardized spline dimensions
Source: Standards by István Házkötő

38. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Standardized splines
Source: Standards by István Házkötő

39. MECHATRONIKA ÉS GÉPSZERKEZETTAN TANSZÉK
Tolerances of splines
Source: Standards by István Házkötő

40. Summary Shafts Design Rounds, chamfers Undercuts, grooves Shaft ends
Spline shafts and spline hubs
Next week: Bearings

41. Thank You for Your attention!