1. Life Span Lecture 4 Chapter 7-8 Toddlerhood & Preschool

2. Toddlerhood 1-3 years Growth – Slow & Steady Areas of focus – Gross & fine motor skills – Language – Autonomy

3. Height & Weight Height – @3 inch / year Weight – @5 pounds / year

4. Body proportions Extremities grow faster than trunk 2 yr – Potbelly – Lordosis 3 yr – Slender – Stronger – Erect posture

5. How many deciduous teeth are there? A.12 B.18 C.20 D.24 E.36

6. At what point to children have all of their deciduous teeth? A.1 yr B.1 ½ yr C.2 yr D.2 ½ yr E.3 yr

7. Face & Teeth Dentist Fluoride Brushing Thumb sucking – Self-limiting

8. Bone Development Ossification Greenstick fx

9. Sensory Development 3 yrs – 20/20 vision Amblyopia – Eye patch the good eye Eustachian tube

10. Developmental Milestones Related to – independent function

11. Vital Signs Temp – 98 – 99 o F Pulse – 90 – 120/ min Resp – 20 – 30 / min BP – 100/65

12. Gross motor Balance 1 foot Jump Steps Run

13. Fine motor Self-feeding Dressing Rides tricycle Simple puzzles Blocks Copies circles / lines Turns knobs Opens lids

14. A toddler is in what stage according to the psychoanalytical theory model? A.Trust vs. Mistrust B.Autonomy vs. Shame C.Oral stage D.Anal stage E.Preoperational

15. What part of toilet training do toddlers learn first? A.Bowel control B.Bladder control

16. Toilet training Help undressing Accidents Age – 2 – 3 ½ yrs

17. A toddler is in what stage according to the psychosocial theory model? A.Trust vs. Mistrust B.Autonomy vs. Shame C.Oral stage D.Anal stage E.Preoperational

18. Psychosocial development: Autonomy Independence Freedom of choice

19. Psychosocial development: Discipline Simple & direct f/b diversion Consistent Routine Frustration negativistic behavior Time out

20. Psychosocial development: Separation anxiety Warm & affectionate Comfort items Sibling rivalry Regression

21. A toddler is in what stage according to the Piagets cognitive theory model? A.Trust vs. Mistrust B.Autonomy vs. Shame C.Oral stage D.Anal stage E.Preoperational

22. Cognitive development Global perspective Object permanence magical age Egocentric view Time Couriosity

23. Moral Development Parents moral code child's moral code

24. Communication Automatic & spontaneous Understand before they can express 2 yrs – 2 word sentences – 50 word vocabulary 3 yrs – 2 word sentences – 1,000 word vocabulary

25. Nutrition Est. eating habits Amounts & Variety Growth – Protein – Calcium – Iron – Phosphorus – Vitamins 2-3 yrs – Eating same food as family

26. Nutrition Caloric intake – 1,300 cal/day Pain vs mixed Ritualistic behavior Idea meal plan – 3 small meal – 3 nutritious snacks Routine Socialization

27. Sleep and Rest Nap Ritual Nightmares

28. Play Mimic Symbolic play Parallel play Toys – Fine and gross motor

29. What is the leading cause of death in toddlers? A.Cancer B.Accidents C.Bacterial Infection D.Viral Infection E.SIDS

30. What is the leading cause of accident death in toddlers? A.Drowning B.Burns C.Motor vehicle D.Choking E.Poisoning

31. Preschool Age – 3-6yrs

32. Height & Weight Height – 2-3 inches / year Weight – 5 pounds / year

33. Body proportions Loss subcutaneous and adipose tissue More adult like

34. Teeth Tooth decay Plaque Dental visits – Q 6 months

35. Muscle & Bone Development Long bones lose red marrow Flat bones have red marrow – Skull – Sternum – Pelvis

36. Sensory Development Vision – 20/20 – By age 5 Depth perception Color Hearing – Ear infections

37. Vital Signs Pulse – 90-100 / minute Resp – 22-25 / min BP – 100 / 60

38. Gross motor 4 yrs – Walking / running tip toes – Hop & balance one foot – Stairs – Climb & jump 5 yrs – Coordination increases – Jump rope – Skip – Balance beam – Sports

39. Fine motor Self-care Draw Scissors Printing name

40. Sexual Development Genital awareness Masterbation

41. What stage of development is a preschooler (late childhood) on the psychosocial model? A.Oral B.Anal C.Autonomy vs shame D.Initiative vs guilt E.Properational

42. Psychosocial development: Initiative Explore! Pretending

43. Psychosocial development: Discipline Set limits Explore feelings

44. Psychosocial development: Jealousy

45. Preschool education Peer interaction

46. Cognitive development Centration Lack reversibility Share Creative – Egocentric – Magical Increased attention span

47. Which of the following developed a moral development theory and staging? A.Freud B.Erikson C.Piaget D.Kohlberg E.Pope

48. What is the first level of Kohlberg's moral development model? A.Preconventional B.Trust vs mistrust C.Oral D.Anal E.Sensorimotor

49. What is the term Freud used for a Conscience A.Id B.Ego C.Superego

50. Communication 4 yrs – 4 word sentences – Who, what, where – Nouns, verbs & adjectives 5 yrs – 5+ word sentences – 2,000+ word vocabulary

51. Nutrition Caloric intake – 1,800 cal /day

52. Sleep and Rest 10-12 hours / night Nap – 1 a day (if) – 30 – 60 minutes Nightmares

53. Play Cooperative / associative play – Rules – Share Audience Imagination Imaginary friends

54. Safety Car seats Injuries Strangers

55. Thumb sucking Malalignment of the teeth

56. Bed-wetting Enuresis

57. Fears Dark Mutilation Abandonment