1. CHILD GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

2. T HERE ARE MULTIPLE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT THAT EVERY INDIVIDUAL WILL GO THROUGH … Stage of Development Approximate Age InfancyBirth -12 months Toddler12 months -3 years Preschool3-6 Years School Age6-12 Years Adolescent13-18 Years

3. AS WE GO THROUGH THESE STAGES, WE WILL CONTINUE TO GROW AND DEVELOP Growth: A childs physical increase in size or amount that is easily observed Development: the ability of a child to do things that are complex and difficult

4. THERE ARE A VARIETY OF AREAS IN WHICH CHILDREN DEVELOP AND EACH AREA HAS IT OWN BENEFITS… DevelopmentDescriptionBenefit PhysicalRunning, Jumping, Rolling Over, making Jigsaw puzzles Help to develop large muscles and learn to control small muscles of the hand IntellectualSinging Nursery Rhymes, Stacking Blocks Allows the brain to take in and process information, organize, learn, and develop language skills Social- Emotional Social: Sharing Toys, Playing in Groups, Emotional: Role Playing (Doctor, Parent) Social: learn to take turns and work together, learn rules and expectations for interacting with others Emotional: Ability to recognize and understand feelings and how to respond to them

5. P HYSICAL D EVELOPMENT Chapter 7, 11, 15

6. B ODY D EVELOPMENT : Everyone will grow at their own pace based upon, heredity, diet, and health. The more children age the more their growth slows Infants: they will double their size in one year, they will have a large head, Pot Bellied abdomen to fit all the organs. Toddlers: By age two most girls have reached 53% of their adult height, and boys reach 50%, They tend to gain 6 lbs a years and 2-3 inches Preschoolers: gain 3-5 lbs a years and 2 ½- 3 inches a year, most of the weight gained is from muscle development

7. B ONES AND T EETH Infants: bones are still cartilage, yet ossification begins occurring to harden bones, baby teeth begin to develop and the baby will begin teething around 5-6 months Toddlers; Bones are still ossifying, their bones are more flexible and less likely to break, all their baby teeth should be in Preschool: Bones continue to ossify and grow Baby teeth will begin to fall out, permanent teeth are growing under the gums

8. O THER B ODY C HANGES Toddler: The brain is the most mature organ Preschool: blood pressure increases their breathing slows the digestive tract is still developing so avoid high fiber foods and seasonings become less chubby and muscles begin to develop, resulting in a slender child

9. G ROSS V. F INE M OTOR D EVELOPMENT Gross: Large Muscles (trunk, Arms, and legs) Fine: Small Muscles We develop from our center to our extremities, so large motor development takes place, before they can use their fingers

10. G ROSS M OTOR D EVELOPMENT : I NFANTS Head and Neck control (Raise head when on Tummy) Truck Control: Help baby to roll over(month 5) and Sit (may be supported; unsupported by month 9) Leg Control: Crawl (7 Months), Stand ( first with support then on their own 12-14 months), Cruising (With Support) http://www.babycenter.com/2_baby-on-the-move-sitting_1487307.bc

11. G ROSS M OTOR : T ODDLERS Walking 2-3 months after their first birthday Often stand with feet apart for more support, turn their feet outward and flex their knees Some walk on their tip toes They stagger a lot because it is hard to balance with their large heads Their stride is half of that of an adult, they take 170 steps per minute Running: begins around 2 they often run with their arms up or out they cannot start or stop quickly

12. G ROSS M OTOR : T ODDLERS Jumping: Begins when stepping off stuff at 18 months At age two begin jump off low objects with 2 feet Often swing arms backward, instead of forward. Climbing Begins when they crawl Will climb furniture and steps Occurs sooner in courageous babies

13. G ROSS M OTOR : T ODDLERS Throwing Often throw by accident (drop an object when swinging arms) They often enjoy seeing the objects move and the sound it makes when it lands Planned throwing starts around year one The begin throwing from a sitting position, but will eventually begin to throw from a standing position Catching At one year, they often catch by squatting down to pick up the object At 2 years the child will bend at the waist to pick it up At 2-3 years the child will stand still with their arms extended, and may even close their eyes.

14. GROSS MOTOR: PRESCHOOL They have better hand eye coordination and a better reaction time They can balance on one foot and walk in a straight line without falling They can run faster and alternate arms They can catch balls that are bounced to them They can hop (on one foot or in a rhythmic pattern) and skip They can rotate their body and shift their weight, which improve their throwing distance, speed and accuracy

15. Gross Motor Activity Get together in groups of 3 or 4 Looking at all the Gross Motor Skills that children must develop. Choose an age group Choose 2 skills you would like the baby to practice Develop one game or activity you could do with the child to develop these skills What supplies would you need for your activity or game? How would you explain the game? How do you play the game?

16. F INE M OTOR D EVELOPMENT : I NFANTS Voluntary grasping, infants only bat at objects with their hands in the beginning, but eventually use their thumb and fingers to grasp

17. F INE M OTOR : T ODDLER Often dependent on hand eye coordination By the end of the 1 st year babies can hold objects between their thumb and index finger Between 12 and 18 months toddlers can hold spoons, feed themselves, and drink from cups They can also hold pens and pencils Remove hats and shoes Insert objects in holes Turn pages in books

18. FINE MOTOR: Toddler Between 18 months and 2 years they can string beads on cords Turn pages on a book one at a time Open doors Hold crayons with a thumb on one side and fingers on the other By two years They show a hand preference They will have a definite preference by age 7or 8 95 % of people are right handed

19. Get out a sheet of paper write your name with your non-dominant hand, with your eyes closed Next, write your name with your non-dominant hand, but look at your writing this time Next, write your name with your dominate hand.

20. F INE M OTOR : P RESCHOOLER Age 3 Build uneven towers of blocks Pour water from a pitcher Copies a circle with some skill Draw a straight line Age 4 cuts on a line with scissors Wash their hands Copy a letter t and make a few other letters Age 5 fold paper along a diagonal Copy squares and triangles and trace diamond shapes Lace shoes and tie them Copy most letters

21. H OW CAN YOU HELP YOUR C HILD D EVELOP S UCESSFULLY ?