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The Reign of King Cotton
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Postwar Changes to Texas Farming
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Main Idea: After the Civil War, life in Texas changes dramatically.
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Economic problems led to a return to the small family farm, and the freed slaves faced the problems of earning a living in conditions that were often unfair.
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After the Civil War most citizens were financially ruined, especially Texans since they were part of the COnfederacy..
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To survive, many Texans started growing their own food on small family farms.
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Many of them became tenant farmers on land they rented from landowners.
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Most tenant farmers never made enough extra money to buy the land they farmed.
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Tenant farmers too poor to pay their rent in cash were called sharecroppers.
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This is because they paid rent with a share of their crops.
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Many sharecroppers had to buy basic supplies on credit.
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This made it even more difficult for them to break out of poverty.
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The failing economy was not the only change after the Civil War.
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Thousands of Texans lost fathers, husbands, and brothers during the war.
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Another social change was that African Americans were freedmen.
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Many white Texans were angry about the outcome of the war and made lives of African Americans more difficult.
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Like white Texans, freedmen were also looking for jobs.
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But there were not enough jobs to be had.
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Many African Americans became sharecroppers.
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Like poor whites, they too had entered the cycle of debt that was difficult to break.
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