1. 動亂在中國

2. 帝国主义
“Spheres of Influence” (GB, FR, GM, Jap, Russia; beginning around 1842)
US proposes “Open Door Policy” 1899
Boxer Rebellion (1900)-Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists: Chinese attacking foreigners and destroying foreign property
Imperialists send troops, put down rebellion, China completely under foreign domination, 1910

3. Overthrow of Dynasty
Boxer Rebellion encouraged nationalism among young Chinese
Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party)- led by Sun Yixian (ed in West)
Forces reforms/promise of new constitution
1912 last Qing emperor abdicates

4. 中華民國 1912-Republic of China
Kuomintang in charge, but warlords rule throughout China
ROC asks foreigners for help-USSR only one to respond
Chiang Kai-shek becomes leader of the Kuomintang 1925

5. 國民黨
Kuomintang splits
Left Wing: socialists, Communists
Right Wing: nationalists, conservatives, led by Chiang
Chiang’s troops arrest/execute many Communists in 1927
Chiang sets up government, throws out Soviets hoping to rid themselves of Communists

6. 蔣中正 Chiang as dictator, 1928 One-party system Infrastructure improved
National bank established
Education improved
Much gov’t revenue: defense
Limits funds for industrialization

7. Chiang’s Government Did not change oppressive system of land ownership
Wanted support of landowners
Failed to change tax collection system
Chiang realizes he did not get rid of the Communists as they grew stronger

8. Chiang vs Communism
Long March, 1934/ ,000 Communists forced to flee SE China 6000 miles to NW China, many die
Mao Zedong emerges as their leader
Chiang will be forced into exile on Taiwan 1949 (rule until death 1975)

9. 毛澤東
Argued that Chinese peasants would provide best basis for Communist revolution in China
Mao won peasant support, Communist Party grows stronger
Support also grows as threat from Japan grows stronger

10. Peoples’ Republic of China
Mao is leader of the communist country, Peoples’ Republic of China, until his death in 1976
During this time, Chiang remains the leader of the Republic of China on Taiwan

11. (名) 辭彙, 詞表, 辭彙量 Open Door Policy Boxer Rebellion Kuomintang Long March
戴維達德利