1. Biology Do Now
Directions: Take out a sheet of notebook (Do Now sheet) and answer each question.
Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration.
Compare and contrast alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation.

2. Biology Do Now
Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration.
Both break down glucose
Both produce ATP
Aerobic cellular respiration uses oxygen to break down glucose, but anaerobic doesn’t.
Aerobic cellular respiration produces more energy than anaerobic cellular respiration
Compare and contrast alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation.
Both are anaerobic ways of breaking down glucose.
Alcoholic fermentation produces alcohol, carbon dioxide and energy
Lactic acid fermentation produces lactic acid and energy

3. Objective
Students will know how we process the food that we eat into usable energy by watching a video, completing a POGIL and reading a DEJ.
Mastery level: 75% or better

4. Cellular Respiration/Fermentation Video
Cellular Respiration and the Mighty Mitochondria
Source:
Fermentation
Source:
Cellular Respiration Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain
Source:

5. Cellular Respiration
The process by which living things release energy stored in organic molecules
Takes Place in 2 major stages
Glycolysis
Oxidative Respiration or Fermentation

6. Adenosine Triphosphate

7. Yeast in a Bottle
Think about what is happening in this demo while you learn about Cell Respiration.

8. Yeast in a Bottle Experiment
Materials
Test tubes
2.5mL yeast (1/2 tbsp)
2.5mL sugar
20mL water (45 degrees Celsius or 110 F.)
What affects the rate of cellular respiration in yeast?

10. I. Glycolysis - The splitting of glucose into
I. Glycolysis - The splitting of glucose into three Carbon molecules called Pyruvate
Occurs in cytoplasm
NAD is reduced to NADH
CO2 is released
2 ATP produced
Does NOT require OXYGEN

11. http://www. brookscole

12. II. Anaerobic vs Aerobic
A. Anaerobic (w/o O2)
Fermentation
Process by which pyruvate is converted into either alcohol and CO2 or lactic acid
Occurs in cytoplasm
H from NADH is attached to pyruvate
Only 2 ATP are produced

13. Occurs in mitochondria Occurs in 2 major phases
Aerobic (with O2)
Oxidative Respiration – process by which pyruvate is broken down to form MOST of the energy which is supplied to plants and animals
Occurs in mitochondria
Occurs in 2 major phases
Krebs Cycle  2 ATP are produced
Occurs in Matrix of Mitochondria
Electron Transport Chain  32 ATP are produced
Occurs in Inner Membrane of Mitochondria

16. Each Cell uses between 1-2 billion ATP/min.
How many ATP’s are used each minute by all 100 trillion cells in the body?
1 glucose = 686 Cal
1 ATP = 7 Cal
How efficient is aerobic respiration?
How does the efficiency of your cells compare to the efficiency of an automobile that are only 25% efficient in converting chemical energy into mechanical energy?

17. Sources of Energy for contraction
Glycolysis 2 ATP
Lactic Acid Fermentation 2 ATP
Aerobic Respiration 34 ATP
Creatine Phosphate (5x more than ATP) (donates Phosphate to ADP  ATP)
Exercise Requirements: 10 min. taps glycogen for glucose
10-30 min. Cells use either glucose or fatty acids (bloodstream)
Beyond 30 min.  fatty acids are primary source

18. Oxygen debt
The amount of oxygen necessary to support the conversion of lactic acid to glycogen
Oxygen  lactic acid  pyruvate  ATP or glucose  glycogen
No Oxygen  lactic acid build up

19. Muscle Fatigue Inability of muscle to contract
Results from a deficit of ATP and/or accumulation of lactic acid  lowers pH

20. What is the function of Cellular respiration
What is the function of Cellular respiration? What organisms do this process?
What are the two steps of Cellular Respiration?
What are the end products of Glycolysis?
Where in the cell does Glycolysis occur? (cytoplasm or mitochondria)
5. How many energy molecules are produced from Glycolysis?
6. What are the two steps to oxidative respiration?
7. Where do both of these energy-producing steps occur within the cell? (Cytoplasm or mitochondria)

21. What factors affect cellular respiration
Explain how each factor affects the rate of cellular respiration?
Temperature
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Cell damage
Lack of available water
Available sugar

22. What do you think of when you hear Fermentation?

23. What affects the rate of cellular respiration in yeast?
Through a process called cellular respiration, the cells of most organisms use oxygen to release the energy that is stored in food molecules. Fungi use a different process, called fermentation, that does not use oxygen to release energy. During both cellular respiration and fermentation, energy is released when the chemical bonds that hold the food molecules together are broken. All organisms then use elements, such as carbon, to build their own biological molecules. The molecules left after these processes are waste products.

24. Fermentation

25. One of the waste products is carbon dioxide, a molecule that contains carbon. As organisms conduct cellular respiration or fermentation, they release waste carbon dioxide as a gas into the atmosphere. Photosynthetic organisms, such as plants, absorb this carb dioxide and use it in photosynthesis. The carbon gets incorporated into parts of the plant (for example, as part of the starch in a potato) and may end being consumed by yet another animal. The constant cycling of carbon through organisms to the atmosphere and back again is called carbon cycle.

26. Question: What affects the rate of cellular respiration in yeast?
Hypothesis:
Materials:
Procedure: (step by step recipe)
Record: (data table, charts, etc)
Analyze and conclude.

27. What affects the rate of cell respiration in yeast?
Does room temperature affect how much gas is created by the yeast?
Does the size of the container affect how much gas is created?
What water/room temperature helps the yeast create the most gas?
What "yeast food" helps the yeast create the most gas?