1. Report Writing & Presentations
Halcyon Lawrence
Student Consultations
Rear of Year 1 Lab
Mondays-Wednesdays (12-1pm)

2. The Communication Model

3. Message
Noise
Context
Sender
Encoder
Receiver
Decoder
Channel
Media
Context
Feedback

4. Role of Sender Encode the Message Analyse the audience
Choose appropriate channels and media for transmission of message
Encourage feedback

5. Role of Receiver
Decode the message
Provide feedback

6. Channels
Channels:
Verbal – use of words
Non-verbal – non-use of words

7. Media Verbal: Non-verbal: Written – letters, proposals, reports
Oral – presentations, seminars
Non-verbal:
Models, Symbols

8. Types of Noise Physical: Semantic Noise:
Unexplained variation in a communication channel or random error in the transmission of information.
Semantic Noise:
It may be related to people's knowledge level, their communication skills, their experience, their prejudices etc.

9. Examples of Physical Noise
a loud motorbike roaring down the road while you're trying to hold a conversation
your little brother standing in front of the TV set
mist on the inside of the car windscreen
smudges on a printed page
'snow' on a TV set

10. Examples of Semantic Noise
Distraction
Differences in the use of the code
Emphasising the wrong part of the message
Attitude towards the sender
Attitude towards the message

11. Context
Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines context as: 1 : the parts of a discourse that surround a word or passage and can throw light on its meaning 2 : the interrelated conditions in which something exists or occurs

12. Before the message is encoded…
Ask the questions:
Who is the audience or receiver?
What needs to be transmitted?
Why does the message need to be transmitted?
What is the expected outcome of the interaction?
What is the most effective way to transmit the message?
How can feedback be encouraged?
What is the context in which the message is being transmitted?