1. Management of HIV/AIDS
TREATMENT: A. PEP (Post Exposure Prohylaxis) treatment: This treatment is used for when people are accidentally infected. For example : a needle stick injury or when a person is raped. If they are given a special drug within 24 hours of exposure and they continue the treatment for 28 days the HIV infection will not develop in almost 100% of the cases.

2. If the person receives treatment after 72 hours then the effectiveness of the drug drops to 52%.
After 72 hours the drug is no longer effective.
B. Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART)
This treatment is for people that are already HIV positive.
You must remember that these drugs only slow down the disease it does not cure it.
It slows down the development of full blown AIDS by slowing down the progression from one stage to another.

3. The ART involves the use of a number of drugs at the same time
The ART involves the use of a number of drugs at the same time. The use of a number of drugs is called a cocktail of drugs. The use of a cocktail of drugs reduces the chances of the virus becoming resistant to the drug. The ART together with lifestyle changes (correct diet and sufficient exercise) reduces the viral load. The viral load refers to the number of HI viruses in the blood.

4. Even though these people now have low levels of HIV in their blood they can still pass on the disease. C. Reasons for not supporting ART: Some people may experience serious side effects. Some people find it very difficult to take different drugs at different times of the day as the ART treatment expects. If a few doses are missed, then the virus becomes drug resistant.

5. PREVENTION:
The ABC method maybe used to prevent the disease.
This method is as follows:
A is to abstain from sexual activity until you are old enough to commit to a single partner.
B is to be faithful to your partner. If both you and your partner are HIV free and only have sex with each other then the chances of you acquiring the disease is nil. Remember when you have sex with a person it is as if you are having sex with all the people that person had sex with.
C is to condomise. The condom prevents the virus from being transferred from person to person. The condom is not 100% effective.

6. Beliefs, attitudes and values about the causes and cure for hiv/aids
Here are believes, attitudes and values people have about the causes and cure for HIV/AIDS. Discuss these with your teacher. 1. You can tell whether a person is HIV positive just by looking at them. You cannot tell if a person is HIV positive by looking at them you can only be sure by a blood test. 2. Some men believe that you are only a real man if you have many partners. If you have many partners you can spread the diseases more easily to more people.

7. 3. Many people believe that AIDS is not real
3. Many people believe that AIDS is not real. They believe that it is a story to make them use condoms and to stop them from having sex. AIDS is real. Many people are infected with the virus.
4. Many people believe that if your are married or have only have one partner you can not get the disease. This is only possible if both you and your partner are HIV free and are faithful to each other.

8. 5. Some people still believe that only homosexuals acquire the disease
5. Some people still believe that only homosexuals acquire the disease. Initially the disease was more common in homosexual men. Today however we know that infection occurs in both heterosexual men and woman. 6. In South Africa some people believe it is the disease of white people only, while others believe it is a disease of black people only. AIDS affects all people irrespective of their race, culture, religion or nation.

9. 7. It is also believed that the traditional healers have a cure for the disease. There is no cure for AIDS. The medicines and herbs given by the traditional healers and doctors can boost your immune system and may cure the opportunistic disease. 8. Some men believe that the condom does not protect them against the disease it only ensure they have fewer children. The condom is most effective in protecting you against the disease. You must remember that its is not 100% effective against the virus.

10. 9. Some HIV positive men believe that they will be cured if they have sex with virgin girls. This is not true. Having sex with young virgin will only hurt them both mentally and physically. They will also become infected with the disease. Remember there is at present no cure.
10. Many people believe they will become infected by shaking hands, sharing showers, baths, toilets etc. or by being bitten by mosquitoes. Remember that the HI virus is only spread through the exchange of bodily fluids or from an infected mother to child.

11. Terminology: HIV: stands for Human Immuno-deficiency Virus.
HIV positive: a person who is infected by the HIV virus.
Opportunistic disease: these are diseases that attack
when the immune system is low.
Cocktail of drugs: the use of a number of drugs.
Viral load: refers to the number of HI viruses in the blood.
AIDS: stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
ART: is the treatment given to people who are already
infected.
PEP: is the treatment for people that are not yet infected.

12. QUESTION 1
The first reported case of HIV/AIDS was in… A. South Africa in 1981 B. USA in 1981 C. Sweden in 1891 D. Nigeria in 1981

13. Question 2
PEP is … A. A treatment for people that are already infected. B. Most effective within the first 24 hours of infection. C. Completely ineffective D. A treatment that becomes more effective as time passes.

14. Question 3 The best way to prevent the disease is…
A. Abstain from sex.
B. Use the ABC method.
C. Use a condom.
D. All of the above.

15. Question 4
A positive HIV test in the window period is not possible because… A. There are no HIV antibodies in the first 6 weeks. B. The infection only develops after six weeks C. Not infection has occurred. D. There is no test for HIV infection.

16. Question 5
ART is a… A. Cure for the disease B. Treatment for the disease C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B

17. Question 6
A person can become infected by… A. A transfusion of blood B. A transfusion of infected blood C. Shaking hands with an infected person D. Sharing the swimming pool with an infected person

18. Question 7 HIV stands for… A. Human in vitro B. Herpes internal virus
C. Human immunodeficiency virus
D. None of the above

19. Question 8
An infected mother may infect her child… A. During pregnancy B. During childbirth C. While breastfeeding D. Through all of the above

20. Question 9
The repeated flu-like symptom stage… A. Is when HIV antibodies are present B. When the HIV antibodies is still not present C. Occurs very quickly D. Is when the sufferer experiences symptoms that are common to HIV/AIDS only

21. Question 10 The symptoms during the window period…
A. Are similar to the opportunistic disease and
death phase.
B. Are similar to symptoms of other common diseases
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above

22. SOLUTIONS
1. B
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. B
6. B
7. C
8. D
9. B
10. B