1. Chapter 12 and 13
The North and The South

2. 1. The War of 1812
Trade with England was interrupted because of the War of 1812 when England blockaded our ports and Americans were forced to produce their own goods.
As a result, the nation became part of the Industrial Revolution as factories and machinery replaced earlier methods of producing goods.

3. 2. Characteristics of the Age of Industrialization
Cotton Gin
Textile Factory
Railroad Expansion
Influx of immigrants

4. 3. Economies of North and South
Economy based upon manufacturing, industry
Immigrant labor force
Majority of factories located in Northeast
SOUTH
Agricultural
Slave labor
Long growing season
Favorable climate
Most big cities located along the coast because they were shipping centers
Most southern whites were yeoman, or owners of small farms

5. 4. Inventions Cotton gin Processing cotton became more efficient
Contributed to spread of slavery
Interchangeable parts
Made the standardization of goods possible (mass production
Bessemer steel process
Newly developed heating process to purify steel to make it stronger
Telegraph
First form of long-range communication

6. 5. Textile Factories First factories in the U. S.
Manufactured cloth (textiles)
Location next to water sources in Northeast contributed to their success
Unfavorable working conditions included health problems, unsafe conditions, loss of limbs and no maternity leave

7. 6. Immigration during 1800s
Large influx of immigrants provided labor for the nation’s factories.
Irish immigrants migrated to the U. S. because of the Irish potato famine.
German immigrants migrated to the U. S. because of political upheaval in their country.

8. 7. People to Know Samuel Slater
Stole designs from English factories to bring to U. S.
Samuel Morse
Invented the telegraph
Francis Cabot Lowell
Created a model factory town in Massachusetts
Robert Fulton
Operated the first successful steamboat
Eli Whitney
Developed idea of interchangeable parts
Invented the cotton gin

9. 8. Slavery
Slavery was non-existent in the North because it did not fit the North’s economic purposes.
Slavery was declining before the invention of the cotton gin because low crop prices led to a decrease in the demand for slaves.

10. 9. Free Blacks Face Discrimination in the South
Could not assemble together
Could not obtain a formal education
Required to carry papers at all times proving they were free
Many states required them to leave the state because their presence encouraged slave rebellions.

11. 10. Nat Turner’s Rebellion
Effects:
Slave codes were toughened.
Slave families were separated.

12. 11. Transportation Revolution
Two new forms of transportation
Steam-powered train
Improved disbursement of industrial goods nationwide affected the nation’s economy.
Steamboat
Made river travel faster and more efficient
Could carry larger amounts of cargo and people

13. 12. Gibbons v. Ogden Increased the strength of the federal government
Gave Congress the authority to regulate interstate commerce