1. Complexities & Contradictions
The Age of Jefferson
Complexities
&
Contradictions

2. The Election of 1800 Notable for two reasons:
Jefferson & Burr run on same ticket & receive same # of votes, even though Jefferson was presidential candidate.
Burr double-crosses Jefferson; tries to be president Election ends up in House of Representatives
Hamilton chooses Jefferson.
12th Amendment to Constitution results
Peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another sets valuable precedent

3. Jefferson’s Domestic Policies
Jefferson considered his election to be “republican revolution”
Cut Taxes
Streamlined Government Bureaucracy
Cut Federal Debt
Increased sale of western land
Sharp increase in revenue from foreign trade

4. The Federalist Legacy: John Marshall
In the last days of Adam’s term, he appointed a number of friendly judges; these appointees were known as “midnight judges”
John Marshall was one of these.
Appointment had major impact on the federal government & the United States

5. Marshall’s Legacy Judicial Review in Marbury v Madison
Federal laws superior to state laws
Interpreted the Constitution loosely to find more power for Federal government
“Sanctity of Contracts”

6. The Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson believed that farming essential to freedom
Concerned about growing U.S. population
Worried when France took over Louisiana Territory from Spain
France threatened to block New Orleans access from U.S. citizens
Sent U.S. representatives to buy New Orleans. Imagine his surprise when they offered him the whole territory for 15 million dollars!
But was it constitutional?

7. The U.S. DOUBLES in Size! Jefferson Sends Lewis & Clark to Explore

8. Jefferson’s Foreign Policies
The Barbary States (Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli) were pirates;
Demanded protection money to leave American ships alone
Jefferson sent American navy to attack pirates
Known as Barbary War
Won favorable peace in 1805

9. Trouble with Britain
British at war with France and captured their ships
As result, French would use American ships.
This was called the re-export trade and made the U.S. $59 million dollars Britain not happy; Why?
Helped French economy
U.S. became commercial competitor

10. Jefferson’s Worst Move: Embargo Act of 1807
British stopped American ships
Impressed (kidnapped) American sailors, saying they were British.
Jefferson persuaded Congress to suspend all trade & ordered American ships to stay in port
Embargo hurt American economy

11. U.S. Citizens Hate the Embargo