1. Coordination of Two Genomes by Mitochondrial Translational Plasticity
Heike Rampelt, Nikolaus Pfanner 
Cell 
Volume 167, Issue 2, Pages (October 2016)
DOI: /j.cell
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Coupling of Mitochondrial Translation to Import of Proteins from the Cytosol
(A) Two protein synthesizing machineries are needed for the assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, III, and IV and the F1Fo-ATP synthase. Several integral membrane proteins (indicated in orange) are synthesized on mitochondrial ribosomes, whereas the other subunits of these complexes are synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes and are imported into mitochondria (indicated in red).
(B) Two assembly factors, C12ORF62 and MITRAC12, co-translationally associate with the central subunit COX1 of respiratory complex IV during its synthesis on mitochondrial ribosomes. In the absence of the nuclear-encoded subunit COX4, this early intermediate (MITRACearly) is arrested in a partially translated and membrane-inserted stage. Upon import of COX4 from the cytosol into mitochondria, translation continues and COX1 is fully synthesized and membrane integrated, followed by sequential assembly with the other subunits of the respiratory complex.
Cell  , DOI: ( /j.cell )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions