1. THE CHALLENGES FACING AGRICULTURE
FULYA BAGDADIOGLU
MESUT SIRMA

2. WHAT IS AGRICULTURE ?
Agriculture is the practice of cultivating and farming animals , food and other life forms that are used to sustain life.

3. TYPES OF ADRICULTURE Nomadic Herding Shifting Cultivation
Intensive Subsistence Farming
Commercial Plantations
Mediterranean Agriculture

4. The Major Challenges Of The Agricultural Sector on the world
1-Resource Depletion: The Costs of Industrial Agriculture ..
From mechanized feedlots to automatic irrigation systems to agricultural machinery, North American agriculture has become increasingly industrialized, placing ever-greater demands on fossil fuel, water and topsoil resources. Petroleum not only fuels trucks and mechanized farm equipment, but also serves as a base for synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, tying the cost of growing food increasingly closer to the price of oil.

5. The Major Challenges Of The Agricultural Sector on the world
Land Management: Degrading and Undervaluing Farmland
Throughout much of North America, especially in the United States, land management techniques have been draining the soil of nutritional value. Monoculture, the practice of continually planting the same solitary crop on one plot of farmland, removes nutrients from the soil that must be replenished with additional fertilizers. 

6. The Major Challenges Of The Agricultural Sector on the world
Food Waste: Compromising Food Security 
The United Nations estimates that one-third of the world’s food goes to waste, either during agricultural production, post-harvest handling and storage, processing, distribution, or consumption. In North America, a large percentage of this loss comes from consumers wasting food.

7. The Major Challenges Of The Agricultural Sector on the world
Demographic Changes: A Disconnected Public
In North American, the last 50 years have brought a major cultural shift that has removed consumers further and further away from their food sources. U.S. Census data from 2010 showed around 80% of Americans living in urban areas. Entire neighborhoods, known as food deserts, have no fresh produce for sale. As urban areas grow, farmers receive increasing pressures from encroaching developers and communities to sell their land.

8. The Major Challenges Of The Agricultural Sector on the world
Political Issues: The Business of Food
While consumer habit has a profound effect on food, government policy bears just as heavily on the industry. Agriculture is a multi-billion dollar industry with powerful lobbyists. In the United States, untold amounts of food remained rotting on the vine due to a shortage of migrant workers. Recent tightening on immigration policy has drastically cut down on the nation’s imported workforce at a time when very few Americans have any connection to farming let alone a desire to work on one.

9. 5 MAIN CHALLENGES TURKEY FACES
1. Training of farmers and insufficient application.
There is a question mark on most of farmer’s mind about where to use fertilizer and which tool to use.
Increasing cost.

10. 5 MAIN CHALLENGES TURKEY FACES
2.Economic problems
Higher costs of electric, fertilizer, oil, seed, agricultural medicine compared to other countries.
High levels of meet prices compared to other countries.
Tendency to monopolization.

11. 5 MAIN CHALLENGES TURKEY FACES
3.Low efficiency and quality of agricultural goods.
Low quality and efficiency according to the wrong selection of solid and climate.
Industrial establishments pollutes the soil and water.

12. 5 MAIN CHALLENGES TURKEY FACES
4.The sectional and dispersed structure of farmlands.
Increased production costs, complicates implication of modern techniques, affects construction of transportation network, decreases the farmer’s earnings, affects agricultural competition, increased consumer prices.

13. 5 MAIN CHALLENGES TURKEY FACES
5. Low number of irrigable lands and inefficient use of water.
Conviction of imported goods in the area of oily seed plants.
Due to inefficient use water production level is decreasing.
Wrong conception of higher the irrigation higher the efficiency.

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