1. Posterior Restoration of Left Ventricle and Mitral Valve Repair in Patients With Muscular Dystrophy 
Masanori Hirota, MD, PhD, Joji Hoshino, MD, Yasuhisa Fukada, MD, Taichi Kondo, MD, Yu Takahashi, MD, Yuichi Notomi, MD, Tadashi Isomura, MD, PhD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 97, Issue 2, Pages (February 2014)
DOI: /j.athoracsur
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
Preoperative and postoperative two-dimensional echocardiography findings. (A) long-axis view shows severe functional mitral regurgitation (MR) caused by tethering secondary to dilated left ventricular (LV) chamber. (B) The LV dimension decreased by posterior restoration procedure and mitral valve repair has alleviated MR (on the 9th postoperative day).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Speckle-tracking echocardiography findings. (A) Preoperative short-axis view shows dyskinetic area (blue) on postero-lateral LV wall between both papillary muscles. (B) Dyskinetic area has been surgically excluded by the posterior restoration procedure, which reduced LV volume with better mechanical synchronization (on the 9th postoperative day).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Representative macroscopic and microscopic findings. (A) Intraoperative image shows fibrotic scar on epicardial surface of postero-lateral LV wall. (B) Surgical specimen shows fatty infiltration and cardiomyocytes replaced by connective tissue (hematoxylin and eosin stain; magnification 40×, approximately). (C) Some cardiomyocytes have hypertrophic cytoplasm with large, hyperchromatic nuclei (hematoxylin and eosin stain; magnification 400×, approximately).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions