1. L3 Desired Forest —Conceptual Goal Approaches to Regulate
Dr. Han Chen
Office: BB-1009F
Phone:
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FORE3215, Lecture 7

2. Context of Normal Forest
Regulation is to change or convert the existing forest over time into target or desired forest
Classical timber scheduling addresses the question how many hectares and how much volume to cut
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3. Concept of Normal Forest
A forest that has equal amounts of “normally stocked stands” in each of the desired age classes
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4. Objectives of Normal Forest
A yearly cut of approximately equal volume
A yearly cut of the same age, size, and quality of timber and hence a yearly income of the same amount
A current growth and income obtained form a forest capital no larger than necessary, thus ensuring a maximum rate of return upon its capital
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5. Surplus and Deficit Forests

6. A Modified Normal Forest

7. A Desired Forest under Natural Disturbance-Based Management

8. Classical Approaches to Regulate Forests
Area control
A regulated forest can be achieved in one rotation, but often at the sacrifices of achieving stable harvest in the near future
Volume control
A stable harvest can be achieved in the near future, but often at the sacrifices of not achieving regulated forest after one rotation
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9. Area Regulation: Ontario’s Approach
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10. Austrian Formula
where I = annual increment (usually determined on the basis of net periodic annual increment)
Ga = present growing stock
Gr = desired growing stock, where indicated by yield tables or some other empirical standard
a = adjusted period in years, which may be a full rotation
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11. Modification to Austrian Formula in Practice
where Ip = average annual increment of present growing stock
Ie = average expected annual increment of regulated forest growing stock
What does the Austrian formula do for a surplus or deficit forest?
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12. Hanzlik’s Formula where
Vm = volume of merchantable timber above rotation age
R = rotation adopted for future stand in years
I = annual increment
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