1. Earth’s Formation and Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Day 2: Unit 4
Earth’s Formation and Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

3. (Formation of Earth) Biosphere (Formation of Earth) Atmosphere84 85

5. Formation of Earth: Atmosphere
NBpg. 84
Slide 1 of 4
Formation of Earth: Atmosphere
EQ: Explain how Earth’s atmosphere formed and changed.
Atmosphere:
The gas  envelope that extends from the ocean, land, and ice-covered surface of a planet outward into space.
The density of the atmosphere decreases outward, because the gravitational attraction of the planet, which pulls the gases and particle inward, is greatest close to the surface.

6. Formation of Earth: Atmosphere
NBpg. 84
Slide 2 of 4
Formation of Earth: Atmosphere
Primordial Atmosphere:
Developed by venting during the original formation of the planet:
Water vapor (H2O)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Hydrogen (H2) 
Carbon monoxide (CO) 
Nitrogen (N2)
Ammonia (NH3)
Methane (CH4)
Traces of other substances.
Approximately 85% of volcanic emissions are in the form of water vapor.
(In contrast, carbon dioxide is about 10%)

7. Formation of Earth: Atmosphere
NBpg. 84
Slide 3 of 4
Formation of Earth: Atmosphere
Current Atmosphere:
Once organisms developed the capability for photosynthesis, oxygen was produced in large quantities creating the ozone layer.
- Nitrogen (N2), 78%  
Oxygen (O2), 21%
Argon (A), 1% 
Water (H20), ~0- 4%
Carbon dioxide (CO2), 0.04%
Methane (CH4) and other trace elements
Photosynthesis arose 2-3 billion years ago.
Previously oxygen was produced in limited quantities

8. Formation of Earth: Atmosphere
NBpg. 84
Slide 4 of 4
Formation of Earth: Atmosphere
Atmosphere Layers:
Combine the information from both pictures into one picture:
Draw, Color, & Label
Include:
The layers
Distance
Ozone
Images in each layer
Summary

10. Formation of Earth: Biosphere
NBpg. 85
Slide 1 of 4
Formation of Earth: Biosphere
EQ: How did life change Earth?
First Life- Prokaryotes:
Before the coming of life, Earth was a bleak place, a rocky globe with shallow seas and a thin band of gases
In the fossil record, bacteria began 3.8 billion years ago.
The initial life-forms that evolved first must have been anaerobic (i.e., surviving in the absence of oxygen).

11. Formation of Earth: Biosphere
NBpg. 85
Slide 2 of 4
Formation of Earth: Biosphere
Development of Eukaryotes:
Endosymbiotic Theory: A larger prokaryote engulfed (ate) a smaller prokaryote. Didn’t digest it, but used it for survival.
Aerobic bacteria became Mitochondria.
Cyanobacteria became Chloroplast
Eukaryotes developed 1.8 billion years ago.
Draw
Color
Label 

12. Formation of Earth: Biosphere
NBpg. 85
Slide 3 of 4
Formation of Earth: Biosphere
Aerobic bacteria became Mitochondria.
Uses Cellular Respiration uses oxygen and sugars to produce energy for the organism.
Cyanobacteria became Chloroplast
- Uses Photosynthesis to produce oxygen and sugars by using sunlight energy.

13. Formation of Earth: Biosphere
NBpg. 85
Slide 4 of 4
Formation of Earth: Biosphere
Biodiversity:
Prokaryotes are classified as Bacteria and Archaea
Eukaryotes, plant and animal cells: protista, plants, fungi, and animals
Natural selection and adaptations favored traits for survival (we’ll dive deeper next semester)
Summary
Draw
Color
Label 