1. Cycling of Materials in Ecosystems

2. Biogeochemical Cycle:
Flow of elements through biotic and abiotic factors in ecosystem

3. Types of Biogeochemical Cycles:
- Water cycle
Carbon Cycle
Phosphorus Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle

4. Water Cycle:
Flow of water through ecosystem

5. Water Cycle:

6. Carbon Cycle:
Flow of Carbon (& Oxygen) through the ecosystem

7. Carbon Cycle:

8. Phosphorous & Nitrogen Cycles:
Flow of nitrogen through the ecosystem

9. Nitrogen Cycle:

10. Nitrogen Cycle: Denitrification - Converting nitrates to nitrogen gas
Nitrification – Nitrogen produced from ammonia
Leaching - loss of water-soluble plant nutrients from the soil, due to rain and irrigation
Assimilation – Nitrogen absorbed by plants and animals
Ammonification – As bacteria break down nitrogen, ammonia is produced