1. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
April, 2010

2. Basics & Best Practices Terminologies
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

3. In addition, Strategic & Business Planning relies on well-defined, best practice terminology
Strategic & Business Planning Process Key Terminology
Units
Any Business or Functional Unit. According to the new organization structure, GACA has five Business Units (KKIA, KAIA, KFIA, Domestic Airports and ANS) and five Functional Units (Corporate Core, IT, Finance, Human Resources, Internal Audit) and a Safety and Economic Regulation function1
Key Performance Indicators (KPI)
A measure used to monitor how well a business is achieving its quantifiable objectives. KPIs are found at both the strategic (assets turnover, customer satisfaction index) or operational levels (e.g. traffic volume)
Goal
Long-term target value (a number) of KPI; set to be attained after five years
Objective
Short-term target value (a number) of KPI; set to be attained in one year
Strategy
A means or action that will lead to the achievement of a goal (five years ahead)
Initiative
A means or action that will lead to the achievement of the objective (one years ahead). A set of initiatives form a strategy
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Booz & Company
28 March 2009

4. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Contents
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
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5. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

6. One Of The Best Practices For BSC Work Flow
1. Internal Scanning
2. External Scanning
3. SWOT Analysis
One Of The Best Practices For BSC Work Flow
4. Strategy Mapping
5. KPIs Setting
6. Targets Setting
7. Initiatives Setting
8. BSC Dashboard
9. Performance
Monitoring
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7. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

8. Internal Scanning Summary
Introduction
Internal scanning is a strategic planning technique that helps in determining the firm’s strengths and weaknesses and any related issues inside the firm
Purpose
Knowing firm’s strengths and weaknesses
Getting exposed to the firm’s processes and chain of commands
Suitable Techniques
The following techniques are suitable to serve the internal scanning purpose:
Value Chain Analysis
Capability Assessment
Expected Outcomes
Once the internal scanning is done, it is expected to have:
Firm’s strengths
Firm’s weaknesses
Firm’s processes and value transferred from each process to another
potentials for improvements
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

9. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
Related Templates
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

10. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Value Chain Analysis
Activity A
Key Responsibilities
Key
Responsibilities
Activity B
Activity C
Activity D
Value transferred
Value transferred
Value transferred
Value transferred
Template
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

11. Capability Assessment Organization Readiness (%)
People Readiness (%)
Process Readiness (%)
System Readiness (%)
Evidence and Comments
Activity A
Activity B
Activity C
Activity D
Template
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12. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

13. External Scanning Summary
Introduction
External scanning is a strategic planning technique that helps in determining the firm’s opportunities and threats and any related issues outside the firm
Purpose
Knowing firm’s opportunities and threats
Getting exposed to the firm’s competitors and market changes
Suitable Techniques
The following techniques are suitable to serve the external scanning purpose:
Industry Trends
Porter 5 Forces Model
Expected Outcomes
Once the external scanning is done, it is expected to have:
Firm’s opportunities
Firm’s threats
New trends and demands
potentials for investments and competitive advantages
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

14. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
Related Templates
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

15. Corporate Industry Trends
Trend Description
Supporting Evidence
Implications
Trend A
Trend B
Competitive
Trends
Market Trends
Regulatory
Technology
Other Trends
Template
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

16. Template General External Environment Technological Change Specific
International
Events
Demographic
Trends
Entry
Complementors
Rivalry
Focal
Firm
Industry
Buyers
Substitutes
Legal/Political
Conditions
Suppliers
Cultural
Trends
Template
Economic
Climate
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17. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

18. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
SWOT Summary
Introduction
SWOT is a strategic planning technique that helps in determining the firm’s strategic directions and priories
Purpose
Knowing what strategies will sustain the growth of the firm and what will be done in order to extract advantaged over the competitors
Suitable Techniques
The following techniques are suitable to serve the SWOT purpose:
SWOT Matching
Expected Outcomes
Once the SWOT is done, it is expected to have:
Firm’s strategic directions and priorities
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

19. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Related Templates
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

20. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
SWOT Summary
Internal Factors
Strengths
Weaknesses
External Factors
Opportunities
Threats
Internal Strengths Matched with External Opportunities …
Internal Weaknesses Relative to External Opportunities …
Internal Strengths Matched with External Threats …
Internal Weaknesses Relative to External Threats …
Template
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

21. Explore New Market Segments to Expand Revenue BaseSO ST WO WT
SWOT Analysis
Strategic Priorities
SO1
Leverage the planned expansion for Jeddah airport to attract the growing charter market in the region 1
Explore New Market Segments to Expand Revenue Base
WT2
WO4
WO5
SO1 2
WO1
WO2
SO2
WO3 3
WO6
Template
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

22. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

23. Strategy Mapping Summary
Introduction
Strategy mapping is a strategic planning technique that helps in representing the firm’s strategies in such a way that shows the cause and effect of each strategy
Purpose
To ensure that each strategy does really serve a specific other strategy, and the overall strategies serve and feed the firm's vision
Suitable Techniques
The following techniques are suitable to serve the strategy mapping purpose:
Strategy Map
Expected Outcomes
Once the strategy mapping is done, it is expected to have:
Firm’s strategy map
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

24. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
Related Templates
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

25. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
LEARNING AND GROWTH
PERSPECTIVE
INTERNAL
CUSTOMER
FINANCIAL
VISION
Template
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26. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

27. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
KPIs Setting Summary
Introduction
KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) are measures that indicate how is the progress of strategic objectives and targets achievements
Purpose
To indicate and alarm the management for strategy and targets achievements or deviations
Suitable Techniques
KPIs Profile
Benchmarking
KPIs Libraries
Expected Outcomes
Once the KPIs setting is done, it is expected to have:
Firm’s KPIs
KPIs definitions & frequency of review
KPIs formulas
Strategic objectives that are measures by specific KPIs
KPIs owners
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

28. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Related Templates
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

29. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
KPI Definition
KPI Formula
Frequency
Owner
Definition
X+Y = Z
W/M/Q/S/A
Name / Dept.
Definition
X+Y = Z
W/M/Q/S/A
Name / Dept.
Definition
X+Y = Z
W/M/Q/S/A
Name / Dept.
Definition
X+Y = Z
W/M/Q/S/A
Name / Dept.
Template
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

30. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

31. Targets Setting Summary
Introduction
Targets are those values (determined in each KPI) that the management wants to achieve within a certain time
Purpose
To make the KPIs and the measurement more quantifiable and measureable
Suitable Techniques
Benchmarking
Forecasting
Feasibility studies
Market Research
Expected Outcomes
Once the targets setting is done, it is expected to have:
KPIs targets
Targets values & units
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

32. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

33. Initiatives Setting Summary
Introduction
Are those actions that are predesigned and dedicated to achieve the determined targets and to activate specific KPIs
Purpose
To help the firm achieving strategic objectives
Suitable Techniques
Benchmarking
Feasibility studies
Market Research
R&D
Expected Outcomes
Once the initiatives setting is done, it is expected to have:
Strategic plan initiatives
Owners
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

34. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
Related Templates
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

35. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Strategic Priority
KPI
Target
Initiative
Strategic Priority A
KPI1
KPI2
KPI3
VALUE (unit)
Action A
Action B
Action C
Strategic Priority B
KPI1
KPI2
KPI3
VALUE (unit)
Action A
Action B
Action C
Strategic Priority C
KPI1
KPI2
KPI3
VALUE (unit)
Action A
Action B
Action C
Strategic Priority D
KPI1
KPI2
KPI3
VALUE (unit)
Action A
Action B
Action C
Template
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

36. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

37. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
BSC Dashboard Summary
Introduction
It is a simple visualization of the firm’s performance
Purpose
To help the management taking decisions and being up to date with the firm’s overall performance
Suitable Techniques
MS Power Point Presentation
MS Excel
other software
Expected Outcomes
Once the BSC dashboard is done, it is expected to have:
Projected BSC perspectives and firm's strategic priorities with notifying designs
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

38. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Related Templates
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

39. Template Internal Processes Dimension Indicators % (Actual / Target)
Learning & Growth Dimension Indicators
Financial Dimension
Indicators
Actual < 90% of Target
90% of Target < Actual < 100% of Target
Actual >= 100% of Target
Internal Processes Dimension Indicators
% (Actual / Target)
Template
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Internal Processes Dimension Indicators
% (Actual / Target)

40. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

41. Performance Assessment Summary
Introduction
It is a systematic examination of the whole strategic plan and its achievements and implications
Purpose
Contiguous learning and improvement
Suitable Techniques
Cause& Effect
systematic inspections and assessment
Corrective planning
Preventive planning
Lessons Learned
Expected Outcomes
Once the performance assessment is done, it is expected to have:
Performance assessment reports
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

42. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
Now
BSC general work flow
Internal Scanning Summary
External Analysis Summary
SWOT Analysis Summary
Strategy Mapping Summary
KPIs Setting Summary
Targets Setting Summary
Initiatives Setting Summary
BSC Dashboard Summary
Performance Assessment Summary
Related Templates
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

43. Template External Factors Internal Factors Description
Operational Lever
Root Cause
Corrective Action Plan 1 2
% Plan Completed
30%
04/09
09/08
33%
01/09
11/08
80% w%
dd/yy
Template
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

44. Template KPI(Target Unit) Comments Summary of drivers for performance
Summary of actions taken to rectify any variance
Overall Status
Based on both current performance and on cumulative-to-date performance
Gap =< -10% of Target
-10% of Target < Gap < 0% of Target
Gap >= 0% of Target
Template
Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide

45. Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide
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Balanced Scorecard Quick Guide