1. What were the Effects of the Industrial Revolution?
Global History & Geography
10th Grade Boys & Girls
Br. Siraj
July 3, 2019

2. Effects Rise of Factory System
Cottage Industry lost momentum and factories were built
Water power was used to run the factories
Most Factories were built beside flowing rivers
People who most often did not know each other worked side by side

3. Laissez-faire Economics
Adam Smith promoted Laissez-Faire ideas in his book The Wealth of Nations
Rise of Big Businesses
New Technology required large amount of money to be invested
To raise money companies sold stocks or shares to investors
Shareholders allowed companies to expand and create corporations

4. Rise of New Social Classes
The Upper Class: very rich industrial and business families
Upper Middle Class: business people and professionals with high living standards
Lower Middle Class: professionals with lower income and office workers, shopkeepers, clerks
Lower Class: Factory Workers and Peasants

5. Bad Working Conditions
Urbanization
Rapid Growth of Cities and their population
Bad living conditions
No proper sewerage, sanitation, and garbage collection in the beginning
Diseases were widespread
Fire and crime
Bad Working Conditions
Long Work Hours
Women and Children worked for long hours
Hazardous Machines

6. Improved Transportation
Changing Social Roles
Men & Women’s Role in Middle Class Families started to change
Men worked in government and businesses & Women worked at home
Children had high standard of living and better chance of education
Lower class men, women, children, all worked for long hours
Improved Transportation
Roads and canals were built or improved
Railroads grew with steam locomotives
Steam engines powered ships in the sea

7. Rise of New Philosophies
Liberalism: strong belief in individual rights to liberty, equality and property
Conservatism: Set of beliefs held by powerful people – monarchs, nobles, church leaders
Thomas Malthus a conservative philosopher
Social Darwinism: Application of Darwin’s Survival of the Fittest by Natural Selection in Human society
According to this theory successful business people were successful because they were naturally more “fit” to succeed than others.
Gave rise to racism

8. Social Reformism:
Philosophers like Jeremy Bentham, & John Stuart Mill and Trade unions tried to change peoples live by bringing reform
Socialism: A philosophy that concentrates less on the interests of the individuals and more on the interests of society.
Utopian Socialism
Scientific Socialism (Marxism)
Class Struggle between the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat
The Proletariat will take over