1. Chemistry – Grade 10
Unit 1

2. Learning Goal Today’s learning goal is for students to:
Recall their knowledge of parts of the atom
The relationship between atoms and elements
Recall what an ion – cation & anion are
Recall groups & periods in a periodic table

3. Review: Parts of the Atom

4. Review: Parts of the Atom
ATOMS are the building blocks of matter – everything is made up of them!
Each ATOM is made up of 3 parts
Proton (+)
Found in the centre of the atom called the nucleus and have a positive charge
Electron (-)
Small negative charges found around the shell (outside circles) of the atom
Neutron (0)
Found in the centre of the atom called the nucleus and have NO charge

5. The Hierarchy of Matter
Matter is made up of Elements
Elements are made up of ATOMS
ATOMS are made up of electrons, neutrons & protons

6. The Hierarchy of Matter

7. Closer look at Charges on an Atom
Atoms
When an atom has the same number of protons and the same number of electrons, then it is a NEUTRAL / No Charge Atom
If an atom has more electrons (overall negative charge) or has less electrons (overall positive charge) then the atom is CHARGED
When an atom LOSES electrons, it becomes Positively Charged (CATION)
When an atom GAINS electrons, it become NEGATIVELY Charges (ANION)

8. Closer look at Charges on an Atom

9. Charged atoms create ions
Cations are atoms that LOSE electrons and gain positive charge
Anions have are atoms that GAIN extra electrons that create a negative charge. 

10. Checking your learning…
What is the difference between an ATOM and an ION?
Answer:
ATOM – an atom is an electrically neutral particle with an equal number of electrons and protons
ION – is an atom that has become charged by gaining or losing electrons.

11. The Periodic Table

12. The periodic Table
Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
The periodic table is a powerful tool that chemists use to explain and predict the properties of the elements
There are almost 120 known elements in the periodic table.
The atoms of different elements have different numbers of electrons, protons, and neutrons.
Every element is unique and has an atomic number.
The Atomic number tells you the number of protons in every atom of the element.

13. Important Terminology
Atomic Number = number of protons and number of electrons in the atom
Atomic Mass = sum of the protons and neutrons together
Atomic Number = # of protons = # of electrons
Atomic Mass = # of protons + # of neutrons
Atomic Mass – Atomic Number = # of neutrons

14. Important Terminology

15. Chemical Periods and Groups
The periodic table also categorizes elements into periods and groups.
Each row of elements across in the periodic table is called a period
Each column is called a group of elements with similar properties.

17. Take this time to review with worksheets