1. Uptitration of Medications in HF: Start Low but Aim High and Stay High

2. Treatment of HFrEF: What Have We Achieved?

3. 2016 ESC HF Guidelines for Chronic HF Management

4. ESC 2016 Guidelines for HF: Evidence-Based Disease Modifying Therapies With Recommended Doses

5. Diuretic Use in HFrEF

6. Variation in Drug Titration Steps to Achieve Optimal Dosing

7. HEAAL: Benefit of Achieving Target Dose With ARB Therapy

8. Target Doses in HFrEF Yield Better Outcomes

9. BIOSTAT-CHF: How Are We Doing With Uptitration?

10. ESC HF Long-Term Registry Use of Pharmacological Therapies

11. ESC HF Long-Term Registry Patients at Target Dose With Recommended Drug Therapies

12. HFrEF With AF: Decreased Benefit With BB

13. CIBIS-ELD: Beta Blockade Use in the Elderly With HF

14. TITRATION Study: Uptitration of Sacubitril/Valsartan

15. Gaps Between What Is Achievable in Clinical Trials and the "Real World"

16. Germany "Real World Data": Sacubitril/Valsartan Use Results

17. Underdosing of NOACs in Anticoagulation for NVAF

18. Why Are Drugs Not Uptitrated in HFrEF?

19. Legitimate Reasons for Not Uptitrating Drug Doses

20. Managing Renal Impairment and Hyperkalemia With Uptitration of RAS Inhibitors

21. Less Legitimate Reasons for Not Uptitrating Drug Doses in HFrEF

22. BIOSTAT CHF: Reasons for Not Uptitrating Therapies

23. Solutions for Improving Drug Uptitrations

24. Conclusions

25. Abbreviations

26. Abbreviations (cont)