1. Magnetic acceleration of relativistic jets
Barkov M.V. (IKI RAS & University of Leeds)
Komissarov S.S. (University of Leeds)

2. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
The jets are common in space.
Non-relativistic jets:
Young stars.
Relativistic jets:
Micro quasars.
Active Galactic Nuclei.
Gamma Ray Bursts.
An energetic jet from the core of giant elliptical galaxy M87
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

3. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
An energetic jet from the core of giant elliptical galaxy M87
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

4. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
The Lorentz factors of blazar jets lie in the range  5-40, with the majority of quasar components having and with BL Lac objects possessing a more uniform Γ distribution. The length of the jet lays 0.1pc – 1 Mpc.
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

5. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Theoretical models:
Pure HD models do not provide height effective acceleration.
Acceleration due to radiation pressure does not allow to overcome limit Γ=2-5.
MHD approach allows acceleration up to high Γ.
Lovelace (1975) and Blandford (1976) first proposed the mag-
netically driven jet from accretion disks, and Blandford & Payne (1982) discussed magneto-centrifugally driven outflow from a Keplerian disk in steady, axisymmetric and self-similar situation.
Later a number of papers were dedicated to MHD acceleration of jets
(Begelman, Contopolous, Beskin,Vlahakis, Konigl,Li, Chiueh, Nokhrina, Bogovalov,Shibata, Koide,Gammei, Del Znna, Anton et al.).
Here we present a self-similar 2D RMHD acceleration of jets.
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

6. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Basic Equations:
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

7. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
To maintain a firm control over the jet's confinement and to prevent complications related to numerical diffusion of the dense nonrelativistic plasma from the jet's surroundings, we study outflows that propagate inside a solid funnel of a prescribed shape. Specifically, we consider axisymmetric paraboloidal funnels
we employ elliptical coordinates , where
We use a Godunov-type numerical code based on the scheme described in
(Komissarov 1999). To reduce numerical diffusion we applied parabolic
reconstruction instead of the linear one of the original code. The code is MPI
parallelized.
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

8. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Non-uniform rotation
T=400
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

9. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Non-uniform rotation
T=30000
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

10. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Uniform rotation
T=400
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

11. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Uniform rotation
T=30000
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

12. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Uniform rotation
T=1000
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

13. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Uniform rotation
T=100000
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

14. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Collimation of magnetic lines
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

15. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

16. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Acceleration rate depends of geometry:
a= 1, 3/2, 2 , 3
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

17. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
The effective pressure deduction as a function of spherical radius.
We can calculate mean power-low
indices a 1
3/2 2 3 α
3.5
1.6
1.1
For example, in a spherical wind of polytropic index 5/3, the thermal pressure scales as R-10/3 and the ram pressure as R-5/2. Thus, a disk wind that assumes a nearly spherical geometry not too far from the origin could effectively confine a relativistic jet with a nearly conical outer
boundary.
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

18. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Application for AGN jets.
BH driven jet
Disk driven jet
Where:
cylindrical
radius of equipartition between Poynting and matter energy fluxes
spherical
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

19. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Our calculations could be implemented for GRB models as well.
The biggest Lorenz factor can reach value up to Γ =
Log10
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

20. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Conclusions:
We have got highly effective mechanism of jet acceleration.
In our calculations we have reached very high values of Γ up to
Good agreement with AGN jets observations was achieved.
More details you can find in astro-ph/
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"

21. "PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"
Thank you for yours attention!
To be continued….
6 July 2019
"PARTICLES and COSMOLOGY"