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File Transfer: FTP and TFTP

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1 File Transfer: FTP and TFTP
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

2 21-1 FTP File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is the standard mechanism provided by TCP/IP for copying a file from one host to another. Although transferring files from one system to another seems simple and straightforward, some problems must be dealt with first. For example, two systems may use different file name conventions. Two systems may have different ways to represent text and data. Two systems may have different directory structures. All of these problems have been solved by FTP in a very simple and elegant approach. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

3 Note FTP uses the services of TCP. It needs two TCP connections. The well-known port 21 is used for the control connection and the well-known port 20 for the data connection. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

4 Figure FTP TCP/IP Protocol Suite

5 Figure 21.2 Opening the control connection
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

6 Figure 21.3 Creating the data connection
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

7 Figure 21.4 Using the control connection
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

8 Figure 21.5 Using the data connection
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

9 Figure 21.6 Command processing
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

10 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

11 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

12 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

13 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

14 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

15 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

16 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

17 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

18 Figure File transfer TCP/IP Protocol Suite

19 Example 21.1 Figure 21.8 shows an example of using FTP for retrieving a list of items in a directory. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

20 Figure Example 21.1 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

21 Example 21.2 The following shows an actual FTP session that parallels Example The colored lines show the responses from the server control connection; the black lines show the commands sent by the client. The lines in white with black background show data transfer. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

22 Example 21.3 Figure 21.9 shows an example of how an image (binary) file is stored. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

23 Figure Example 21.3 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

24 Example 21.4 We show an example of anonymous FTP. We assume that some public data are available at internic.net. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

25 21-2 TFTP There are occasions when we need to simply copy a file without the need for all of the features of the FTP protocol. For example, when a diskless workstation or a router is booted, we need to download the bootstrap and configuration files. Here we do not need all of the sophistication provided in FTP. We just need a protocol that quickly copies the files. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

26 TFTP uses the services of UDP on the well-known port 69.
Note TFTP uses the services of UDP on the well-known port 69. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

27 Figure 21.10 Message categories
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

28 Figure RRQ format TCP/IP Protocol Suite

29 Figure WRQ format TCP/IP Protocol Suite

30 Figure Data Format TCP/IP Protocol Suite

31 Figure ACK format TCP/IP Protocol Suite

32 Figure ERROR format TCP/IP Protocol Suite

33 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

34 Figure 21.16 Connection establishment
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

35 Figure 21.17 Server’s apprentice bug
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

36 Figure 21.18 UDP port numbers used by TFTP
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

37 Figure TFTP example TCP/IP Protocol Suite

38 Figure 21.20 Use of TFTP with DHCP
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

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