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3. Excretion
Locomotion
Immunity
Mixed
Diseases/
Disorders
10 Point
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20 Points
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30 Points
30 Points
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40 Points
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40 Points
50 Points
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50 Points
50 Points

4. What is urine composed of?

5. Urine
Water
Salt
Urea
Ammonia

6. What’s the difference between excretion and egestion (elimination)

7. Excretion – removal of metabolic waste from cells
Egestion (elimination) – removal of undigested waste; NOT from cells

8. Which organ forms urea?

9. The Liver

10. List the structures that urine passes through from where it’s formed to where it leaves the body

11. Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary Bladder
Urethra

12. 1. What is this structure called?
What organ is it found in?
What processes occur
here?
4. Why does it contain 2 capillaries?
5. What does it produce?

13. 1. nephron
2. kidney
3. filtration, reabsorption, secretion
filter, then reabsorb nutrients back into the blood
5. urine

14. DAILY DOUBLE!!!
What is locomotion?

15. Movement of an organism from place to place

16. Why are two muscles needed to move a bone in opposite directions?

17. Muscles can only pull (when they contract) in one direction, not push back (when they relax)

18. What are the functions of ligaments, tendons, and cartilage?

19. Tendons – connect muscle to
bone
Ligaments – connect bone to bone
Cartilage – cushions bones at
joints; flexible support

20. Label the diagram 1 2 3 4

21. flexor
extensor
tendon
ligament 1 2 3 4

22. List the 5 functions of bone

23. Functions of Bone Support body structures Protect vital organs
Produces red blood cells (some WBCs)
Levers for movement
Attachment sites for muscles
Stores calcium and phosphorus

24. What is a pathogen?

25. an agent that causes infectious disease

26. What is the basis of immunity? A case of mistaken identity (result)
(what must the body be able to do?)
A case of mistaken identity (result)

27. The ability to distinguish between “self” (the body’s cells) and “non-self” (foreign substances)
Autoimmune Disease

28. Active or Passive immunity?
Infection
Breastfeeding
Serum injection
Vaccine

29. Active or Passive immunity?
Infection - active
Breastfeeding - passive
Serum injection - passive
Vaccine - active

30. What is the function of each?
T cell
B cell
Helper-T cell
Memory cell
Phagocyte (macrophage)

31. Function T cell – kills infected cells B cell – makes antibodies
Helper-T cell – activates immune cells
Memory cell – remembers antigen
Phagocyte (macrophage)
– eats, displays antigens

32. Explain how a vaccine works using the following terms:
memory cells, primary immune response, secondary immune response, antigen, antibody

33. A vaccine contains an antigen or a piece of an antigen (or a dead or weakened pathogen) given to an individual to stimulate the primary immune response. During this response, the individual produces antibodies and memory cells against the antigen. If the individual gets infected with the same antigen again, the memory cells created by the 1st exposure will generate a secondary immune response. Since it is a faster and more powerful response, the secondary response will destroy and remove the pathogen before it disrupts homeostasis.

34. Y-shaped proteins that grab onto invaders

35. Antibodies

36. 2 functions of the liver (with respect to blood)

37. Removes toxins from blood
Removes, breaks down old red blood cells

38. Type of muscle Heart - ? Moves bones - ? Lining of digestive tract - ?
DAILY DOUBLE!!!

39. Type of muscle Heart -cardiac Moves bones - skeletal
Lining of digestive tract - smooth

40. What antibodies in their plasma? Who can they donate blood to?
Anti-A serum
What blood type?
What antigens are
present on the RBCs?
What antibodies in their plasma?
Who can they donate blood to?
Who can they receive blood from?
Anti-B serum
Anti-Rh serum

41. What blood type? A+
What antigens are
present on the RBCs? A and Rh
What antibodies in their plasma?
Anti - B
Who can they donate blood to? A+, AB+
Who can they receive blood from?
A- , A+ , O-, O+

42. Which excretory organ helps regulate body temperature? How?
Which excretory organ regulates how much water is in the blood?
How?

43. Kidney – amount of water reabsorption effect of ADH on kidney
Skin – sweating
(evaporation cools body temperature)
Kidney – amount of water reabsorption effect of ADH on kidney
(antidiuretic hormone)

44. Drugs that kill bacteria Problem associated with their overuse

45. Antibiotic Resistance
Antibiotics
Antibiotic Resistance

46. HIV targets and destroys this cell
The result

47. Helper T Cell
Immunodeficiency

48. Name
Cause
Treatment in newborns

49. Jaundice
Liver can’t remove bilirubin
Phototherapy

50. What is an overreaction to a harmless antigen called?
What is the harmless antigen called?
What is the chemical produced by the body that is responsible for this overreaction?
What treatment is used to counteract the chemical that produces the overreaction?

51. What is an overreaction to a harmless antigen called? an allergy
What is the harmless antigen called?
an allergen
What is the chemical produced by the body that is responsible for this overreaction? histamine
What treatment is used to counteract the chemical that produces the overreaction?
an antihistamine

52. Give an example of an autoimmune disease and how it affects homeostasis.

53. Juvenile diabetes – pancreatic cells that make insulin are attacked by white blood cells; sugar levels in blood are not regulated
Multiple sclerosis – the insulation surrounding nerve cells is attacked by white blood cells; nerve signals are blocked or slowed

54. Final Jeopardy
Make your wager

55. Final Answer

56. Final Question