1. Governance and Service Delivery (Advanced Course on Management and Development)

2. Session outline Introduction to governance and service delivery module
Governance landscape: context, actors, issues and challenges
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3. Signature Features of Module
Skills to analyze governance context
Deeper understanding of changes in polity, governance and Constitution of Nepal
Providing a reform lab for service design and delivery
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4. Module Objective
Develop ability of participants to analyze governance context, manage intergovernmental relationship and ensure efficacy in public service delivery.
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5. Course Roadmap
Beginning from understanding of governance landscape and it’s implication for principal- agent relationship;
Understanding the aspects of transformation in polity, state structure and exercise of state power; and
Analyzing status of public service and bringing innovation in public service management.
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6. Course Plan Day I: Governance landscape
State restructuring and federalism in Nepal
Day II:
State restructuring and federalism in Nepal (contd)
Fiscal federalism in Nepal
Day III:
Fiscal federalism in Nepal (contd)
Managing intergovernmental relationship
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7. Course Plan Day IV: Public service design Day V: Service delivery
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8. Governance Landscape
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9. Defining Governance State Citizens Political parities and environment
Integrity
Leadership
Strategic orientation
Governance System
Bureaucratic systems and culture
International context
Culture and social values
Citizens
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10. State of Governance in Nepal
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11. Defining Governance
…as a system or process for the exercise of authority by state authorities and other entities, in reference to broadly shared values (foundations of governance) and through democratically-established institutional mechanisms (infrastructure of governance), that deliver on the state’s commitments for public goods and services (service delivery) that together define and consolidate the relationship between the state and citizens.

12. Voice and participation Integrity and accountability
Survey Structure
Foundations of governance
Voice and participation
Integrity and accountability
Justice and social inclusion
Rule of law

13. Survey Structure Elections
Infrastructure of governance
Elections
The constitution and constitutional provisions
Provincial and local government
Political institutions
Social association and civic awareness
Information and communication
Security and protection

14. Survey Structure Public Service Experience of public service
Support for receiving services
Attempts made to receive services
Source of information about services
Service fee and additional expenses
Public service environment

15. Sample Characteristics
Sampling: Multi-stage random sampling (4 stages)
Population: voter roll of 2017 election (from EC)
Sample size: 12920
Province: Seven

16. Sample Characteristics
Districts: 43
Local governments: 163 (88 urban, 75 rural)
Polling booth: 646
Each booth: 20 respondents
At least 50 percent districts from each ecological belt
Age distribution considered

17. State of Governance in Nepal
Governance Factors
Political
Economic
Social
State of Governance in Nepal
See page 85 from Public Management and Governance
Legal
Environmental
Technological
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See page 85 from Public Management and Governance (Tony Bovaird and Elke Loffler)

18. Group Work
60 mins (20 mins reading, 15 mins group work, 5 mins sharing each, 5 min debrief)
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19. Governance… Turke (2008) Structure- systems, processes, institutions…
Actor- policy makers, public service providers and government…
Synthesis- combination of both
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20. Evolution of Governance
‘Pre-modern’
Hierarchy/bureaucracy
Market, managerial
3rd generation, ‘post-modern’
Control
Through family and connections
Rules, supervision
Prices, contracts, management controls
Co-ordination/network/Facilitation
Accountability
Internal to family
Upwards
To owners, through contracts to purchasers
For results
Performance
Acceptability
Compliance with rules
Specified in contracts
Compliance with planned targets
Employment
Patrimonial
Mostly generalists, permanent employment
Subject to commercial success
Performance-based
In networks
Financial flows
To maintain connections
Budgets, voted allocation
In exchange for delivery
Performance-informed budgets
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21. Interactions- base for governance
Political
Economic
Social
Does this interaction have different impact on governance?
State of Governance in Nepal
Do these factors interact?
At what levels do they interact?
Legal
Environmental
Technological
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22. Government and Governance
Power holding vs facilitating
Power - by nature undemocratic, upholding and restrictive
Democratic institutions and systems induce democratic exercise of power
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23. Governance beyond Government
Changing role of government
Multiple actors
Hierarchical to network
State is not sole entity to deliver services
It is more about managing relationship among actors.
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24. Actors of Democratic Governance
Change in governance philosophy- governance beyond government
State
Global Actors
Civil Society
Market
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25. Actors of Democratic Governance
Change in governance philosophy- governance beyond government
Creating favourable political, legal and economic environment
State
Global Actors
Civil Society
Market
Mobilizing people’s participation, promoting constructive engagement
Creating opportunities for people
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26. Serious gap between demand and supply Emergence of intermediary
Governance…
However, inherent characteristics of governance actors does not embrace democratic values
Serious gap between demand and supply
Emergence of intermediary
Explain how citizenry expectation as demand is being multiplied. Over promising of state is one reason.
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27. Actors…
State
People
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28. Actors…..
State
Intermediary
People
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29. Governance Institutions/Actors in Nepal
Political institutions
Market and other non-government actors
Global institutions
Executive and Bureaucracy, other public entities
Governance as interaction
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30. Changing governance platform
Where do these institutions operate?
Is there collusion/ conflict of interests?
Political institutions
Market and other non-government actors
Global institutions
Executive and Bureaucracy, other public entities
Governance as interaction
How do these institutions interact?
Do they provide space for public constestation?
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31. Interactions among actors
Interferences (self-governance)
Interplays (co-governance)
Interventions (hierarchical- governance)
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32. ‘Building democratic institutions’ – G. Shabbir Cheema
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33. Issues and Challenges Delivering promises- making federalism deliver
Institutionalization of change
Performance orientation
Accountability- justice, finance and performance
Credibility of public institutions
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34. Changes in Government Roles
Classical Public Administration
New Governance
Program/Agency
Tools
Hierarchy
Network
Public vs private
Public & private
Command and control
Negotiation and persuasion
Management skills
Enablement skills
Source: Salamon, L. M. (2000). The New Governance and the Tools of Public Action: An Introduction. Fordham Urban Law Journal. 25(5):
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35. Positioning role of Public Service
Function
What functions does government do?
How does government function?
Strengthened state-people relationship
Impact
What impact does change in government functions have on me and my organization?
Competency
What level of knowledge, skills and behaviors do I have to perform?
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36. Self Assessment Exercise (Time: 20 min.)
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37. New Constitution-New Context
In order to fulfill the aspirations for perpetual peace, good governance, development and prosperity through the medium of federal democratic republican system of governance, hereby promulgate this Constitution through the Constituent Assembly.
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38. Competency Required Building integrity Managing relationship
Managing resources
Leading with purpose
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39. Thank you
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