1. GRADE 7 SOCIALS
CHAPTER 11 TERMS
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2. Societal Empowerment
Comes from all people in society being treated fairly and equally
Society includes everything people do when they live, work, play together in a community

3. Dominion A nation with its own government.
Newfoundland was a Dominion after 1907

4. Klondike
An area of the Yukon where gold was discovered in 1896
It created a “gold rush”

5. Marquis wheat
A new type of wheat that was developed in the early 1900’s
It grew well in Canada’s climate

6. Gramaphone records
One of the first ways to record sound; these were manufactured in Ontario and Quebec
A 10” disc, thick as a plate, held one song

7. Revolution A word to describe any really big change
sometimes brought on by violence, but not always

8. Industrial Revolution
A change in society made up of:
New sources of power
New kinds of building materials
New ways of working

9. Hydroelectricity Electricity made from water power
Force of water spins a generator creating electricity

10. Steam engine
An engine that was powered by burning coal, boiling water and creating steam under pressure
Used for locomotives, ships, large machines in factories

11. Internal combustion engine
Used to make the first practical automobiles
Uses gasoline, small enough for cars, boats, airplanes

12. Skyscrapers
A tall building made using steel frames instead of wood or stone
Newfoundlanders proved to be very good at working on this type of construction.

13. Ganong Factory
The first chocolate and candy factory that used machines to make their product instead of making it by hand
Located in St. Stephen, NB

14. Grade 7 Social Studies
CHAPTER 11 TERMS
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15. Telegrams
A means of communication – a message sent over wire cables in Morse Code.

16. Morse Code
A system of signalling that uses long ans short sounds or flashes of light to stand for letters of the alphabet.
Example: … --- …
S O S

17. Operator
A person who physically connected people’s calls by plugging a wire into a system to the person a caller was trying to call! 

18. Carriages
Vehicles attached to horses that were the main means of transportation over land in the early 1900s.

19. Ferry System A means of public transportation using boats
used greatly by people in coastal communities.

20. SS Bruce
A ferry that ran between Cape Breton, NS and Port Aux Basques, NF in the early 1900s.

21. Electric Streetcars
A form of public transportation used in urban areas that ran on streets, used electricity and was often on rails.

22. Prospecting
Searching or exploring an area for valuable resources such as gold.

23. Carpentry
The art/work of making things like buildings or furniture out of wood.

24. Domestic Helpers
People who worked in wealthier people’s homes performing duties like cooking, cleaning, and caring for the children.

25. Workforce
The part of a population that is working or able to work.

26. Curriculum
A set of guidelines set up by the government of what should be taught in schools.

27. Consolidated Schools
When children from a wide area of rural communities attend a larger school instead of smaller separate schools closer to home.

28. Disparity
When things are not equal.

29. Social Disparity
When some groups in society have many opportunities while others have only few.

30. Minimum Wage
The lowest amount of money per hour an employer is legally allowed to pay their workers. ($10/hr. in NL July 2010)

31. Social Programs
Programs like Healthcare and Employment Insurance set up by the government to ensure that everyone can still meet their basic needs.

32. People who worked for wealthier families performing housework while the women of the household saved their energy to be good wives and mothers.
Servants

33. African Canadians
People living in Canada who have African ancestors.