1. Plan for early Operation
Carlo J. Bocchetta
26 October 2018

2. Facility construction planning
2014
Construction Starts on Green Field Site
2009
Decision to Site ESS in Lund
2025
ESS Construction Phase Complete
2003
European Design of ESS Completed
2012
ESS Design Update Phase Complete
2019
Start of Initial Operations Phase
2023
Start Of User Program
(SOUP)

3. Facility Operation
2025
ESS Construction Phase Complete
2018
Ion Source
Cryo Plant
Test Stand
2014
Construction Starts on Green Field Site
2023
Start Of User Program
(SOUP)
2009
Decision to Site ESS in Lund
2019
Start of Initial Operations Phase
2012
ESS Design Update Phase Complete
2003
European Design of ESS Completed

4. Neutron Source & Instruments
Installed & Operated
To Be Assembled

5. The ESS is an In-Kind Collaboration
ICS Partners
The ESS is an In-Kind Collaboration
Requires a lot of Coordination!
For smooth efficient installation and good operation we need:
Standardization (Installation, Maintenance),
Documentation (for Operation, Maintenance),
Test procedures (Commissioning),
Partner Involvement.
Spokes
Medium β
High β
DTL
MEBT
RFQ
LEBT
Source
HEBT & Contingency
Target
2.4 m
4.6 m
3.8 m
39 m
56 m
77 m
179 m
75 keV
3.6 MeV
90 MeV
216 MeV
571 MeV
2000 MeV
MHz
MHz

6. The ESS Council has approved the new baseline schedule in June 2018
Busy 5 years of Installation and Commissioning
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
BOT
SOUP
Warm LINAC Commissioning Steps
EOC
1.3 GeV Capability Installed
Accelerator + ICS
Hi-Beta Install
Beam on Dump
(570 MeV)
Accelerator RBOT
Accelerator Schedule Float to BOT
CF + Target + NSS (Bunker+TBL) + ICS
Bunker and Test Beam Line RBOT
Access for Monolith Installation
Target RBOT
15th Instrument Complete (Ready for hot commissioning)
NSS Instruments + ICS
Instrument Hall Access for Start of Installation
SOUP
Start beam commissioning for 1st Instruments

7. ESS Project – The Big Picture
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
ISrc to LEBT
ISrc to DTL1
ISrc to DTL4
Beam on Dump (BOD)
Accelerator Ready for Beam on Target (RBOT)
Beam on Target (BOT)
End of Construction
Start Of User Program (SOUP)
Staged Beam Delivery

8. Accelerator Timeline Staged Beam Commissioning 2018 2019 2020 2021
ISrc to DTL1
11/11/2019
ISrc to DTL4
13/7/2020
ISrc to Beam Dump (BOD)
26/4/2021
RBOT
9/8/2021
ISrc to DTL1 Beam Commissioning
14 wks
ISrc to DTL4 Beam Commissioning
13 wks
ISrc to DMPL Beam Commissioning
Staged Beam Commissioning

9. Accelerator Timeline Simultaneous Installations, Systems testing and
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
ISrc to DTL1
11/11/2019
ISrc to DTL4
13/7/2020
ISrc to Beam Dump (BOD)
26/4/2021
RBOT
9/8/2021
ISrc to DTL1 Beam Commissioning
14 wks
ISrc to DTL4 Beam Commissioning
13 wks
ISrc to DMPL Beam Commissioning
SPK CDS Installation
SPK CM Installation
SPK LWU Installation
SPK RF System Installation
Elliptical CDS Installation
MBL CM Installation
MBL LWU Installation
MBL RF System Installation
HBL CM Installation
HBL RF System Installation
HBL/HEBT/A2T LWU Installation
Infrastructure
Simultaneous
Installations,
Systems testing and
Beam Commissioning

10. Accelerator Timeline
Infrastructure ready, controls ready, cooling ready, ….

11. Accelerator Timeline Cell 100 (RFQ, MEBT, DTL 1) Distribution
Delivery WG, arc det, Magic T, phase shifter RFQ
WP8
Requires support structure
Install WG, arc det, Magic T, phase shifter RFQ
and infrastructure ready
Delivery coaxes etc bunchers
ESSB
Install coaxes etc bunchers
Delivery circulators, loads RFQ
Install circulators, loads RFQ
Delivery circulators, loads DTL1
Install circulators, loads DTL1
Rack filling klystrons
Solenoid supplies, filament supplies, ion pump controllers
Requires racks available for installation
Drive amplifier, RF split box, stepper motor drive
LLRF crate, piezo supply, internal rack LLRF cabling
Interlock Lund
SIM, FIM, signal cond board
LLRF for RFQ needs to come early
Circulator TCU
Pin switch, PSS switch, electron pick-up, LO box
Arc detectors RFDS and coupler, arc detector controller
Stub temperature sensors, Beckhoff modules
Industrial PC, 24 V supplies
General internal rack cabling
Rack equipment testing
Driven by power available in rack
Klystrons
Delivery Klystron RFQ
Cooling water connection
Cabling
HV Cable
Input cavity circulator, waveguide connection
RFQ RF commissioning
Driven by rack and RFDS availability
Delivery Klystron DTL 1
RFQ DTL 1 commissioning
RFQ+DTL1 RF commissioning
Run RFQ and DTL1 klystrons and whole RF chain to tunnel

12. Intense Period of Concurrent Activities
Installation of Infrastructure
(preparation, trays, cables, waveguides, coax’s, piping, dist. control systems, …
Installation of Systems Equipment
(RFQ, DTL, MEBT, RF Power, DC Power, Vac, Controls, etc…)
Alignment/Verification of Systems, cable & piping verification, …
(line-of-sight, thermal stability, Secure areas…)
Operations
Testing of Systems
(SSM, Secure areas, Power, Water, Controls, …)
Beam Tests
(SSM, Secure areas, Connected Systems, ….)
Operations must be in harmony with
concurrent baseline activities
Time

13. European Spallation Source ERIC
Operate Facility
Is one of the Ways of Working (WoW) of the ESS Management System (ESSMS)
Functional Descriptions
Role Descriptions
Baselined design
People
12 WoW
Facility
ESSMS Manual
European Spallation Source ERIC
Mission, Vision, Core values
Strategies
Objectives
WoW Handbook 1.
WoW Handbook 2.
WoW Handbook 3.
WoW Handbook 12. …
Policies

14. “Way of Working” Area map
Strategic Areas
Manage Safety & Licensing
Develop Excellence /
ESSMS
Manage Emergency & Crisis
Core Areas
Develop & Maintain Facility
Measurement
Stakeholder’s needs and requirements fulfilled
Stakeholder’s needs and requirements
Manage Requirements
Execute, govern & control
Operate Facility
Enable Science
Support Areas
Staffing & Competence Management
Documented Information Management
Configuration Management
Supply Management
Benchmarked with ISO 9001 and relevant stakeholder expectations

15. The “Business” of Operate Facility
Operate Neutron Source and Technical Infrastructure
Organisation (Operators)
Safety
Procedures (Training, Operation, Support)
Operate in synergy with the evolution of Baseline activities
Finishing Construction
Installation
Machine commissioning (Acc/Target/…)
Neutrons to Users
Maintenance
Development
In accordance to User
expectations and plans
Operate what is provided by ESS & In-Kind Technical Systems & ESS Services
With Support for Components & Systems, Development and Maintenance
With support from Central Services, Infrastructure Services,…
Operate, Maintain, Improve

16. Enables generic way of working
WoW Managers Role
Line Managers
WoW 1.
WoW Managers
WoW 2.
Operate
Facility
Enables generic way of working

17. WoW for Operate Facility
Assure that a consistent and cohesive organisation is in place to operate the Neutron Source and Technical Infrastructure. 
Assure that operation of systems will be done in a safe manner with clear responsibilities and procedures. 
Assure that operation of systems will be done inline with the ESS "Master Plan" and work in close collaboration with Installation activities and NSS goals.
Operate the Neutron Facility systems and Technical Infrastructure by:
Managing the operations programme for the Neutron Source
Managing the maintenance programme and its schedule for the Neutron Source
Interfacing to the Installations organisation and planning
Interfacing to the NSS organisation and User programme
Developing with NSS the operations schedule
Providing support to all Technical divisions in their work for facility development

18. User interface

19. User interface
Working Example of WoW

20. Transition to Operations
We have an updated description of “Early Operations of the ESS Neutron Instruments and first scientific results” (ESS ) that has distinguishing successive stages:
Up to Beam on Target (-July 2022)
ESS initial stages (July 2022-December 2023)
Early Days: BOT to (BOT + 3 months) (July – September 2022)
Consolidation Days: The next 3 months: (BOT + 3 months) to (BOT + 6 months) (October – December 2022)
Performance Assessment days: (BOT + 6 months) to (BOT + 9 months) (January – March 2023).
First Performance Demonstration Days: (BOT + 9 months) to (BOT + 12 months) (April – June 2023)
Ramp up and Early Science: (BOT + 12 months) to (BOT + 18 months) (July – December 2023)
Start of the ESS User programme SOUP ( )

21. ESS high level structure during Initial Operations
Items successively covered during the initial stages
Principal activities: Satisfy SSM requirements, Target Studies, Test Beamline activities, Instruments & hot commissioning, improve staged availability & reliability, benchmarking, choose 1st 3 Instruments for SOUP, 1st scientific results, maintenance.
Proton Beam Parameters for Users: steady power increase from 100 kW (Jul 2022) to >570kW (Jan 2024) to ~2 MW (12/2025 End of Construction).

22. NSS Master Schedule for Neutron Beam Instrument Construction
West sector
North sector
East and South sectors
Current date
First access to NSS bldgs (E01)
Start User Program (3NBI*)
BOT & start HC of NBI*
8NBI* in User Program
Best years
of the Project
Dynamic
Challenging
Regular Rewards
and
Lots of Fun!
Preliminary Design
Detailed Design
Manufacturing & Procurement
Installation & Integration
Hot Commissioning/Early science
Operation
Selection of first 3 NBI for SOUP in March 2023
* NBI = Neutron Beam Instrument

23. WoW Managers in action Operate Facility ESS
Nautical chart – Steering documents
Lighthouse - Guiding away from obvious dangers in hard conditions
Tugboats – Push and pull
Operate Facility

24. for all the hard work done We’re in a great starting position for
Thanks to you
for all the hard work done
We’re in a great starting position for
Facility Operation!
Nautical chart – Steering documents
Lighthouse - Guiding away from obvious dangers in hard conditions
Tugboats – Push and pull
Thanks to
Fabien Rey, Ciprian Plostinar, Mattias Skaffar, Ivan Korunoski, Lali Tchelidze
for material shown here