1. The Catholic Reformation
Oct 12th, 2010
The Catholic Reformation

2. What does the word Reform mean?
What does the word Re-affirm mean?

3. The need for Catholic Church reform & re-emphasis was urgent

4. Pope Paul III
Sought to stop the spread of Protestantism & get protestants to turn back to Catholicism
Response to
Gains of Protestantism
Critics w/in the church hoping to institute reforms

5. Council of Trent ( )

6. The Council made NO concessions to Protestant doctrine
Re-affirmed correct Catholic Doctrine

7. Reaffirmed
7 sacraments
Priesthood is special & separate from laity
Transubstantiation

8. Latin was the official language of services
Celibacy for the Clergy
The theory & practice of indulgences were restated

9. Salvation by both “good works” & faith
Purgatory
Salvation by both “good works” & faith
Preserved the Papacy as the center of unity of Catholcism

10. Reforms abuses in sale of indulgences curtailed,
sale of church offices curtailed,
bishops given greater control over clergy,
seminaries established to train priests

11. Approved the Index of Forbidden Books
Banned (in Catholic countries) books that supported Protestantism and/or were critical of the Church
Led to book-burning

12. New Religious Orders

13. Jesuits (Society of Jesus)
3 Goals
reform the church through education
spread the Gospel to pagan people
fight Protestantism

14. Ignatius Loyola Founder Soldiers of Christ
Organized in military fashion
Spiritual Exercises: Guidebook used to train Jesuits

15. Jesuits would later oversee the inquisitions in Spain & Italy

16. Inquisitions
Spain
Persecution of Christian Moors & Jews (Converted) who were suspected of going back to their original faiths

17. Italy Pope Paul IV accused Jews of killing Christ
In the Papal States, Jews were ordered to be placed in Ghettos

18. Catholic Reformation Effects
Succeeded in returning people back to Catholicism in
Southern Germany
Eastern Europe
Jesuit Schools were among the finest in Europe

19. Impact of the Reformation on Women

20. Protestant leaders felt that women’s duties were to be at home
Marriage became more compassionate, emphasizing the love relationship between man & wife.

21. Increased emphasis on teaching people to read the Bible resulted in an increase in women’s literacy.

22. Protestant women, however, lost opportunities in church service that many Catholic women pursued (e.g. becoming nuns).

23. Women gradually lost rights to manage their own property or to make legal transactions in their own name.