1. Ecosystems
Part 2

2. Food webs – consists of many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem Organisms may play more than one role in an ecosystem.

3. Tertiary (third-level) consumers – eat the secondary and primary consumers and producers Secondary (second-level) consumers – eat the primary consumers

4. Primary (first-level) consumers – feed directly on the producers

5. Producers – form the base of the food web; the first organism in a food web is always a producer Decomposer – breaks down the waste and remains of other organisms

6. Fill in the circles with the following organisms according to their role in the ecosystem: frog, plants, grasshopper, red fox, mushrooms, snail, heron (bird)

7. Fill in the circles with the following organisms according to their role in the ecosystem: frog, plants, grasshopper, red fox, mushrooms, snail, heron (bird)
Red Fox
Heron
Frog
Grasshopper
Snail
Plants
Mushrooms

8. Energy pyramid – shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web.

9. The most energy is available at the producer level of the pyramid
The most energy is available at the producer level of the pyramid. As energy moves up the pyramid, each level has less energy available than the level below it.

10. Draw an arrow showing the direction of energy flow in the pyramid
Draw an arrow showing the direction of energy flow in the pyramid. Label the level with the most amount energy and the label with the least amount of energy.

11. Draw an arrow showing the direction of energy flow in the pyramid
Draw an arrow showing the direction of energy flow in the pyramid. Label the level with the most amount energy and the label with the least amount of energy.
Least Energy
Most Energy

12. The major types of interactions among organisms are competition and predation. Competition – the struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resources

13. Predation – an interaction in which one organism kills another for food or nutrients Predator – organism doing the killing Prey – organism that is killed

14. What could happen if these warbler species fed in the same location on the tree? For what resources do the tree and grass compete?

15. Predators have adaptations that help them catch their prey
Predators have adaptations that help them catch their prey. For example: a cheetah can run very fast; owls and bats can hunt at night

16. Prey have adaptations to help them avoid being killed by effective predators. For example: skunk have smelly spray; porcupine have sharp quills.

17. Label the predator and prey in the photo.

18. Label the predator and prey in the photo.