1. Swangling S S Inference U C B M        
Convincing Internet Search Engines to Index Semantic Markup
my.owl.doc
my.swangled.doc
OWL Document
<A, B, C>
<A, E, C>
etc.
The Swangler converts each triple of the document to a single indexing term
Swangled Document
<A, B, C>
<A, E, C>
etc.
5V4F56A5XJ
LA846CM7RR 
The resulting document contains both semantic markup and swangled terms  S
An original document contains semantic markup 
The Web server sends the swangled page to Internet search engine spiders 
The search engine indexes the swangled document under the swangled terms 
5V4F56A5XJ:
my.swangled.doc
another.doc
etc.
The search engine returns a reference to the swangled document 
5V4F56A5XJ
Inference
Search for semantic markup is marginally useful if only exact matches are allowed. The Swangler allows forward-chaining inference to add arbitrary new triples to a document. For example, it can replace the elements of each triple with wildcards, to form six new triples:
<*, B, C>
<A, *, C>
<A, B, *>
<*, *, C>
<*, B, *>
<A, *, *>
Now a search for the swangled version of <A, *, C> for example will find all documents that relate A and C in the desired way.
<A, B, C>
The Swangler converts the user’s request to swangled terms 
my.swangled.doc S
<A, B, C>
The user requests desired semantic markup 
Get the Swangler at U C B M
Partial research support was provided by DARPA contract F