1. Organization of the Periodic Table

2. Who is Mendeleev? Scientist who first developed a Periodic Table 1869
based arrangement on chemical and physical properties of elements known at the time

3. Protons & the Atomic Number
the number of protons in an atom
Determines the identity of the element
each element has its own unique atomic #
increases as you move left to right in the Periodic Table
Always top #
Identifies element
# of protons for that atom only 6 C 12
Carbon

4. Periods rows going across the Periodic Table
Periods (the rows) are based on # of electron energy levels
atomic number increases by 1 as you move to each element in period
properties of the elements change in predictable patterns across the period

5. Ta Da! The Periodic Table! Period 1: 1 e- level Period 2: 2 e- levels

6. Groups columns going down the Periodic Table also called Families
Groups (the columns) are based on the elements having similar properties (all elements in each group have similar properties)

7. Ta Da! The Periodic Table!
Group 1 = Alkali Metals (most reactive) 1 valence electron
Group 17 = Halogens (combine to form salts)
7 valence electrons
Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals 2 valence electrons
Groups = BCNO group
3-6 valence electrons H
Groups 3-12 =Transition Metals
# electrons varies He Be B C N O F
Group 18 = Nobel Gases (least reactive)
8 valence electrons La
Lanthanides & Actinides -
Many are radioactive, also called rare earth metals Ac
Ta Da!
The Periodic Table!

8. Group Names Group 1 = Alkali Metals (most reactive) 1 valence electron
Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals 2 valence electrons
Groups 3-12 =Transition Metals # electrons varies
Groups = BCNO group 3-6 valence electrons
Group 17 = Halogens (combine to form salts)
7 valence electrons
Group 18 = Nobel Gases (least reactive) 8 valence electrons
Lanthanides & Actinides - Many are radioactive, also called rare earth metals

9. Use physical and chemical properties to classify an element as a metal
Metals
Use physical and chemical properties to classify an element as a metal
Physical properties of metals:
Hardness
Luster = shiny
Malleability = ability to be pounded into sheets or shapes
Ductility = ability to be stretched into wire
Conductors of heat and electricity
Some have magnetism

10. Metals (cont.) Chemical properties of metals:
Different levels of reactions; some highly reactive, others nonreactive
Location in the periodic table:
To the left of the “zigzag” line
Lanthanides and Actinides

11. Nonmetals Use properties to classify elements as a nonmetal
Physical properties of nonmetals:
Opposite of metals
Dull
Brittle
Poor conductors
Chemical properties:
Different levels though generally less reactive than metals
Readily form compounds

12. Nonmetals (cont.) Location in the periodic table:
To the right of the “zigzag” line and Hydrogen

13. Metalloids Have varying properties of both metals and nonmetals
Location in the periodic table:
7 of the elements around the “zigzag”
Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Arsenic, Antimony, Tellurium, and Astatine