1. Mobilisation and Mutual Learning Workshop
Discuss, Explore, Propose, Network
39B-41, Mircea cel Batran Str., Constanta, Romania,
To adapt and survive or to die. How to maintain and improve the quality of the Romanian coast of the Black Sea, under the pressure of climate change and human interventions.
© J Carnot

2. 5 LINES OF THOUGHT ABOUT THE QUALITY OF THE ROMANIAN COASTAL ZONE :
World Café
2 TRIGGER QUESTIONS
What type of actions are needed in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea under the continuous pressure of climate change and human interventions?
Please consider the following categories:
Physical aspects (coastal protection / beach reconstruction / stop erosion);
Water quality;
Preserve and develop biodiversity;
Please define measures for:
Short term (<5 years);
Medium term (between 5 – 10 years);
Long term (>20 years);
5 LINES OF THOUGHT ABOUT THE QUALITY OF THE ROMANIAN COASTAL ZONE :
The state of the NV Black Sea coastal zone was almost destroyed starting in 1960s due to rapid industrial expansion along the Black Sea coast line and the construction of two major dams on the Lower Sector of the Danube River.
This has significantly increased annual variability in the N:P:Si ratio in the basin.
All this factors, combined with climate change and variation affected all components of marine and coastal ecosystems, including beach erosion, habitats, benthos, plankton, fish, mammals, seabirds, and the presence of non-native species.

3. Temporal implementation horizon Stakeholders’ involvement
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
Physical aspects (coastal protection / beach reconstruction / stop erosion)
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Identify the existing problems
Improve/Apply/Respect the current legislation (ex. ban constructions on the beach)
Update the Regional Urbanistic Plans
Restart ICZM
Implement more stringent penalties
Public awareness campaign (attract the public in debates on the subject)
Short term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.
Public authorities, Government
Government
Public authorities, Government, Policy makers

4. Temporal implementation horizon Stakeholders’ involvement
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
Physical aspects (coastal protection / beach reconstruction / stop erosion)
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Detailed understanding of water dynamics and sediments in the coastal area by developing a monitoring system that integrates the latest technologies of detailed numerical models and performance
Identify source areas of compatible sediment usable in beaches restoration, so the normal sedimentary balance is not disturbed on the littoral cells and the elaboration of sedimentary bypass systems
Develop coastal protection systems – soft & green (development and enforcing the Romanian littoral concept – building with nature)
Detailed permanent reassessment of sea level variation over the short, medium and long term and the impact of storms on coastal zones in accordance with the latest climate models (constantly updated according to the latest results IPCC)
Short term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, teachers, etc.

5. Temporal implementation horizon Stakeholders’ involvement
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
Physical aspects (coastal protection / beach reconstruction / stop erosion)
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Access European structural funds in order to exchange experience
Continuous monitoring
Raise the awareness level of the population and economic entities regarding constructions in the protected zone
Reorganize and restart the National Council for Coastal Zone
Medium term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, teachers, business representatives, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.
Public authorities, Government

6. Temporal implementation horizon Stakeholders’ involvement
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
Physical aspects (coastal protection / beach reconstruction / stop erosion)
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Restore and protect the coastal areas using the following
Dam rehabilitation
Demolishing
Improving and extending the existing structures
Construction of new dams (artificial reefs)
Consolidate the beaches and shoreline (planting vegetation, soft solutions, planting vegetation xerophyte – couch grass)
Sandy vegetation restoration
Reduce environmental pollution during the rehabilitation (organic materials, eco-friendly, easily integrable);
Improve Maritime and costal development plans
Long term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, citizens, teachers, etc.

7. Temporal implementation horizon Stakeholders’ involvement
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
Physical aspects (coastal protection / beach reconstruction / stop erosion)
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Raise the awareness of the population and economic entities regarding the development plans and construction works in the protection zone
Permanent human capacity building
Natural rehabilitation of the interest areas (controlled flooding, ecological restoration, restore the connection between Razelm Sinoe Lagoon System and the Sea)
Long term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, citizens, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.

8. Summary of discussion Rapporteur : 2. WATER QUALITY
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Water quality monitoring
Increase population awareness regarding water quality monitoring
Develop and apply solutions after monitoring results
Develop best practices guide (ex. The rational use of detergents and disinfectants, discharged into the sewer system)
Short term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.

9. Summary of discussion Rapporteur : 2. WATER QUALITY
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Ecological restoration of the coastal lakes
Enforcing (and sanctions) the existence of ecological toilets in touristic areas and other areas;
Informative panels on bathing rules and water quality
Strict control of ships over ballast and bilge water disposal
Short term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.
Public authorities, Environment Protection Agency, NGO’s, business representatives, teachers, etc.
Public authorities, Environment Protection Agency, NGO’s, business representatives, etc.

10. Summary of discussion Rapporteur : 2. WATER QUALITY
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Systematic Ecological Reconstruction of the litoral lakes
Develop new capacities for studying the emergent pollutants (pharmaceutical, micro plastic, etc.)
Develop a performant monitoring system of water quality capable to assimilate in situ and satellite data from stations (making use of the opportunities of Sentinel missions)
Biotech development / development of biofilters for water quality improvement
Short term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, teachers, etc.
Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, teachers, etc.

11. Summary of discussion Rapporteur : 2. WATER QUALITY
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Water quality monitoring (including the wells used in rural area)
Modernization / construction of wastewater treatment plants
Reduce the nutrients resulting from agricultural and industrial activities
Socio-economic measures to stimulate population and other economic entities
Medium term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, teachers, etc.

12. Summary of discussion Rapporteur : 2. WATER QUALITY
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Raise awareness
Reduce pollution from shipyards / construction sites/ harbors
Continuous development of micro-wastewater treatment plants (per household – septic tanks / neighborhoods / settlements)
Ecological restoration of the coastal lakes
Medium term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.

13. Summary of discussion Rapporteur : 2. WATER QUALITY
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Water quality monitoring
Oil rigs monitoring
New investments in the modernization of wastewater treatment installations, (garbage, selective collecting, research, etc.)
Apply green technology and solutions (innovation and implementation)
Long term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.

14. Summary of discussion Rapporteur : 2. WATER QUALITY
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Increase public awareness
Drastic measures and sanctions regarding unmanaged pollution
Ecological restoration of the coastal lakes
Long term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.

15. 3. Biodiversity development and conservation
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
3. Biodiversity development and conservation
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Create a partnership between custodians, Research Institutes, NGOs, financial agencies, educational institutions with interests in the area
Develop a common DATABASE – for centralizing all the data and studies regarding biodiversity
Identify financial partnerships (funding programs, sponsors, etc.) in order to provide support;
Biodiversity monitoring
Ballast waters monitoring
Short term
Public authorities, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, teachers, etc.
Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.
Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, teachers, etc.

16. 3. Biodiversity development and conservation
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
3. Biodiversity development and conservation
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Situational awareness in protected areas
Inform and educate the population and economic entities (entrepreneurs) about the importance of biodiversity
Create a DNA bank for the safekeeping of all the litoral species native to the Black Sea area
Short term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, teachers, etc.

17. 3. Biodiversity development and conservation
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
3. Biodiversity development and conservation
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Create artificial reefs, in areas with low biodiversity, in order to attract and secure the endangered marine species
Ecosystem services evaluation (cost-benefit analysis)
Risk assessment and pressures
Concrete plans for intervention in case of habitat destruction
Medium term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.

18. 3. Biodiversity development and conservation
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
3. Biodiversity development and conservation
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Continue and improve the research and development programs
Improve and apply the existing legislation
Buffer zone delimitation
Maritime-zoning spatial planning (balance between economic activities and green areas, for biodiversity conservation)
Medium term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.

19. 3. Biodiversity development and conservation
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
3. Biodiversity development and conservation
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Encourage and apply sustainable tourism
Habitats restoration plans for Natura 2000 sites
Invasive species monitoring and controlling for Natura 2000 sites
Medium term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, teachers, etc.

20. 3. Biodiversity development and conservation
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
3. Biodiversity development and conservation
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Inform and educate the population and economic entities (entrepreneurs) about the importance of biodiversity;
Improve and apply the methods for purifying ballast waters
Medium term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.

21. 3. Biodiversity development and conservation
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
3. Biodiversity development and conservation
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Inform and educate the population and economic entities (entrepreneurs) about the importance of biodiversity;
Apply marine waste management sanctions
Strict monitoring of offshore drilling and exploitation, and Natura 2000 sites
Strict fishing regime compliance (quotas) (Border police, Coast Guard, ANPA)
Long term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, Border police, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, fishermen's associations, etc.

22. 3. Biodiversity development and conservation
Summary of discussion
Rapporteur :
3. Biodiversity development and conservation
What types of Responsible Research and Innovation actions should be implemented in order to protect and improve the quality of the Romanian coastal zone of the Black Sea?
Temporal implementation horizon
Stakeholders’ involvement
Set up a volunteers network - schools - institutions, for sampling of marine biodiversity
Develop and maintaining a partnership between custodians, institutes, NGOs, businesses, educational institutions - with interests in the area
Applying a strict legislation on the conservation of biodiversity (habitat protected areas and Natura 2000 sites)
Long term
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, , fishermen's associations, etc.
Policy makers, Public authorities, Government, Environment Protection Agency, Border police, researchers/scientists, NGO’s, business representatives, citizens, teachers, fishermen's associations, etc.