1. Theories of Criminal Behaviour

2. Historical Perspectives On Criminology Positivist School
Focused on ___________ ____________to explain criminal behaviour rather than legal system
Lombroso “born criminal theory”
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XYY theory

3. Theory Of Anomie Proposed by Emile Durkheim
Argued that as society moved from rural to urban, traditional values and bonds that regulated behaviour were weakened
__________________________ __________________________ __________________________
Called this state of isolation “____________”

4. Ecological School
Argued that criminal behaviour was _______________________ _______________________
Communities that suffered from high rates of poverty and social disintegration were more likely to condone criminal activity than affluent areas

5. Consensus Theory
Consensus theorists assume _____________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________
Argue that criminal laws prohibit behaviours that society agrees are harmful

6. Contemporary Theories Of Crime

7. Strain Theory Introduced by Robert Merton
Argues that people commit crimes when they believe they _____________________ __________________________ _________________________.
The stress of goals of acquiring wealth (success and power), and the means to achieve these goals (education, economic resources) are denied to the economically disadvantaged

8. Socialization
Suggests the key influences leading to criminal behaviour are found in _____________________ _____________________ _____________________

9. Biological Theories

10. Biological Trait Theory
Argues that some human traits such as ____________ ________________________ and genetic makeup may predispose people to engage in criminal behaviour
Research suggests that the following can cause a person to become a criminal
Poor diet (“Twinkie Defense”)
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Influence of hormones (androgens)
Exposure to drugs/alcohol in the womb

11. Neurophysiological Theory
Focus on the study of _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________
Twin studies