1. How Does a Plant Make It’s Own Food?
Plants use carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and sun’s energy to make food.
This is called “photosynthesis”
The food gives plants energy
Animals get the energy stored in plants when they eat them.

2. How Do Plants Get Energy From Sun?
Plants have pigments that absorb energy from light
Chlorophyll (found in chloroplasts) is the pigment used in photosynthesis

3. What “Food” do Plants Make?
The “food” plants make is a sugar called glucose (C6H12O6).
Glucose and oxygen (O2) are made during photosynthesis.

4. How Do Organisms Get Energy From Food?
Animals cannot make their own food like plants can.
But, BOTH plants and animals must break down (digest) food in order to get energy from it (so they can live, grow, & develop)
Cells do this 2 ways: cellular respiration and fermentation

5. Cellular Respiration & Fermentation
Cellular Respiration uses oxygen (O2) to break down food
Fermentation does not use oxygen
Cellular respiration releases more energy from food than Fermentation.
So most eukaryotes (ex: plants & animals) get their energy through cellular respiration

6. Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration = chemical process that happens in cells
In prokaryotes, it happens in the cell membranes
In eukaryotes, it happens mostly in the mitochondria

7. Process of Cellular Respiration
Food (glucose) is broken down into CO2 and H2O and energy is released
C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy (ATP)
This energy can be used for:
Keeping a constant body temperature
Storage (ATP) - to be used later for things like growth

8. What Do You Notice?

9. Check It Out!
Did you notice that cellular respiration is just the opposite of photosynthesis?

10. Fermentation
Happens when cells cannot get the oxygen they need for cellular respiration
Fermentation is a way to get energy when oxygen isn’t available
Ex: In short, fast races you might get a burning feeling in you leg muscles because of a build up of lactic acid (made during fermentation)

11. Exploring Further You will design a lab to explore photosynthesis.
You need to test one of the following factors of photosynthesis; water, CO2, light, and leaves.
You need to be specific!
Make a Hypothesis
Design a procedure, list out your steps.
Do you need additional supplies?
Perform your experiment
Record your results
Prepare a presentation on your experiment
You need to explain what you tested, how you tested it and what you found
Be prepared to give a possible explanation as to why you saw what you saw.
You will be graded on the lab and the presentation of it!

12. Pop Quiz
1) Plants use carbon dioxide (____), water (____), and the sun’s energy to make food.
CO2 and H2O
2) What type of cell has chloroplasts?
PLANT CELL
3) BOTH plants and animals must break down food in order to get ________from it.
ENERGY
4) How are respiration and photosynthesis related?
THEY ARE THE REVERSE (OPPOSITE) OF EACH OTHER.
5) Fermentation is a way to get energy when ______ isn’t available.
OXYGEN

13. Today’s Learning Goals
In plants, chloroplasts capture energy from the sun in order to make food during photosynthesis
Cells release energy from food through either cellular respiration of fermentation
Why it matters: Understanding how plants & animals get energy to grow & develop is an important part of biology.