1. Phonology
(≠ Phonetics)

2. Task 1 Match the terms 1 – 3 with the definitions A – C. Stress
Phoneme
Intonation
The music of our voices
Giving emphasis to one syllable
An individual sound

3. Task 1 Match the terms 1 – 3 with the definitions A – C. Stress
Phoneme
Intonation
The music of our voices
Giving emphasis to one syllable
An individual sound

4. Task 2 Match the terms 1 – 3 with the definitions A – C.
An individual sound is mispronounced
A request is made with very flat intonation
The wrong syllable is stressed in a word
The word is incomprehensible
The listener might understand “bin” when the speaker wanted to say “pin”
The speaker can sound arrogant and demanding

5. Task 2 Match the terms 1 – 3 with the definitions A – C.
An individual sound is mispronounced
A request is made with very flat intonation
The wrong syllable is stressed in a word
The word is incomprehensible
The listener might understand “bin” when the speaker wanted to say “pin”
The speaker can sound arrogant and demanding

6. ?

7. INTERNATIONAL PHONEMIC ALPHABET

8. SYMBOLS …from Latin: e.g. /m//v//ɑ/ …from Greek: e.g. /θ//ð//ʊ/
…created:/ŋ/
…and the diacritic symbols:/ː//ˈ//ˌ/

9. MINIMAL PAIRS 3
θriː
tin
kæt
triː
θɪn
hæt

10. Let’s compare! 7 vowels 23 consonants = 30 12 vowels 8 diphtongs
= 44

11. Examples of English sounds which don’t exist in Italian
Let’s compare!
Italian sounds which don’t exist in English
Examples of English sounds which don’t exist in Italian
Consonants
/λ/ aglio
/ɲ/ gnomo
/dz/ zelo
/ts/ zio
Vowels
/ə/ about
/ɜ:/ bird
/æ/ cat
/ɪ:/ see
Diphthongs
/aʊ/ now
/əʊ/ go
/eə/ there
/ð/ then
/θ/ thin
/ɳ/ long
/ʒ / measure

12. Words, words, words…. WORD STESS melancholic ˌmeləŋˈkɒlɪk
Secondary stress
Primary stress

13. Classic Italian-speakers errors
adjective, colleague, canal, report……
IN COMPOUNDS
, home-page, web-site, chat-line

14. Intonation carries meaning!
CONNECTED SPEECH
Intonation carries meaning!
How are you? I had coffee cake and honey
How are you? I had coffee, cake and honey

15. CONNECTED SPEECH
Stress shifts to the left when followed by a prominent word:
afternoon afternoon tea
Japanese Japanese Girl
weekend weekend traffic