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Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages (March 2008)

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1 Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 249-261 (March 2008)
Phosphoinositide and Inositolpolyphosphate Signalling in Defense Responses of Arabidopsis thaliana Challenged by Mechanical Wounding  Mosblech Alina , König Sabine , Stenzel Irene , Grzeganek Peter , Feussner Ivo , Heilmann Ingo   Molecular Plant  Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages (March 2008) DOI: /mp/ssm028 Copyright © 2008 The Authors. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions

2 Figure 1 Wound-Induced Changes in InsP3Phosphoinositides and Structural Lipids. Rosette leaves of 6 week old Arabidopsis plants were mechanically wounded for the times indicated and analyzed for (A) InsP3; or the fatty acids associated with (B) PtdIns(4,5)P2; (C) PtdIns4P; (D) PtdIns; (E) PtdCho; or (F) MGDG. Data are the means of three independent experiments, assayed in duplicates ± S.D. (B–D) Fatty acids are identified as indicated: White, 16:0; diamonds, 18:0; checkers, 18:1Δ9; diagonal stripes, 18:2Δ9,12; black, 18:3Δ9,12,15. Hatched bar segments in MGDG-plots indicate 16:3Δ7,10,13 not present in other lipids. Asterisks indicate significant changes in total levels of a compound compared to levels of non-stimulated plants (time zero), according to a student's t-test (*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01). Molecular Plant 2008 1, DOI: ( /mp/ssm028) Copyright © 2008 The Authors. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions

3 Figure 2 Co-Dependency of JA and InsP3 Signals in Wounded Arabidopsis Leaves. Rosette leaves of wild-type plants and of plants disturbed in JA biosynthesis (dde2-2) or in InsP3 accumulation (InsP 5-ptase) were analyzed for the levels of JA (A) and InsP3 (B). Plants were 7–8 weeks old. Circles, wild-type; squares, dde2-2; triangles, InsP 5-ptase. Data are the means of three independent experiments, assayed in duplicates ± S.D. Missing error bars are too small to appear. Asterisks indicate a significant difference between JA levels of wild-type and InsP 5-ptase plants at the time indicated, according to a student's t-test (**, p < 0.01). Molecular Plant 2008 1, DOI: ( /mp/ssm028) Copyright © 2008 The Authors. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions

4 Figure 3 Increased Production of InsP3 with Sorbitol Treatment.
Plants grown in hydroponic culture were treated with H2O (white bars) or with sorbitol (black bars) and rosette leaves were analyzed for InsP3 content. Data are the means of two independent experiments, assayed in duplicates ± standard error. Molecular Plant 2008 1, DOI: ( /mp/ssm028) Copyright © 2008 The Authors. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions

5 Figure 4 Enhanced Formation of IAA in InsP 5-ptase Plants.
Rosette leaves of wild-type plants and of plants disturbed in InsP3 accumulation (InsP 5-ptase) were analyzed for the levels of IAA. Plants were 7–8 weeks old. Circles, wild-type; triangles, InsP 5-ptase. Data are the means of three independent experiments, assayed in duplicates ± standard error. Asterisks indicate a significant difference between JA levels of wild-type and InsP 5-ptase plants at the time indicated, according to a student's t-test (**, p < 0.01). Molecular Plant 2008 1, DOI: ( /mp/ssm028) Copyright © 2008 The Authors. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions

6 Figure 5 Attenuated Induction of Wound-Inducible Gene Expression in Plants Disturbed in Phosphoinositide Metabolism. Wild-type and InsP 5-ptase plants were mechanically wounded, and transcript accumulation for the selected genes was determined over 6 h of stimulation by real-time RT-PCR analysis, as indicated. White, wild-type; black, InsP 5-ptase plants. Data are the mean of two biological replicates ± standard error and are given as the fold increase over transcript levels in non-stressed plants. AOS allene-oxide synthase; OPR1 OPDA-reductase; RNS1 ribonuclease 1; VSP1 vegetative storage protein1; WRKY70 WRKY-family transcription factor; T18K17.7 Kunitz-family trypsin and protease inhibitor. Molecular Plant 2008 1, DOI: ( /mp/ssm028) Copyright © 2008 The Authors. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions

7 Figure 6 Enhanced Caterpillar Feeding Performance on Plants Disturbed in Phosphoinositide Metabolism. Ten to 12 diamondback-moth (Plutella xylostella) larvae of initially ∼1 mg were allowed to feed on wild-typeInsP 5-ptase or dde2-2 plants for various time periods. Caterpillar weight was determined at the times indicated, and caterpillars were allowed to continue feeding. Data were normalized against caterpillar weights at time zero and are given as percent increase over the time zero value ± SD. Data are from three independent biological experiments and numbers correspond to the examination of 30–36 caterpillars for each plant line. White, feeding on wild-type; black, on InsP 5-ptase plants; checkers, on dde2-2 plants. Asterisks indicate significant increases in caterpillar growth with feeding on transgenic plants compared with feeding on wild-type plants, according to a student's t-test (*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01). Molecular Plant 2008 1, DOI: ( /mp/ssm028) Copyright © 2008 The Authors. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions


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