1. Public Procurement Principles and Cycle
Shreedhar Panthee
Director,PPMO

2. 60-70% of National Budget in Public Procurement
Risk Factors
60-70% of National Budget in Public Procurement
Public procurement is main sector of Public Financial Management System
Public Procurement is the government activity which is most vulnerable to corruption
Lower capital expenditure
Lower progress of National Priority Projects
Weak contract management & enforcement
Low contractor performance
Weak control over Consultants
Increase irregularities Amount

3. OOOOOO

4. SUCCESS 10 + STRESS 90 = LIFE 100 SUCCESS 90 + STRESS 10 = LIFE 100

6. Topics of Discussion
Procurement and its Principles
Public Procurement Act & Regulation
Procurement Cycle
PPMO & its Role and Responsibilities
Blacklisting
Procurement Review/Procurement Complain
Issues in Public Procurement
SBDs preparing by PPMO

7. Public Procurement
“Procurement” means acquisition of any goods, consultancy services or other services or carrying out or causing to be carried out any construction works, by a public entity pursuant to this Act;
;fj{hlgs vl/b eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] o; P]g adf]lhd s'g} dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf k|fKt ug{] jf s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{] jf u/fpg] sfo{ ;+emg' k5{ .

8. Difference Between Private & Public Procurement
Private Procurement
Does not follow a set procedure
Good economic result is the sole objective
Public Procurement
Follows a set procedure
Besides economy, accountability, non-discrimination among potential suppliers
Respect for international regulations/ practices
Protection of the public interest
Public
No individual or single owner
No individual buyer and supplies
It is representative by govt.
No individual or group interest

9. @)&#.#.#) df klxnf] ;+zf]wg @)&#.(.$ df rf}yf] ;+zf]wg
;fj{hlgs vl/b
@)&#.#.#) df klxnf] ;+zf]wg
bf];|f]===========================
;fj{hlgs vl/b
@)&#.(.$ df rf}yf] ;+zf]wg
df kfFrf}+ ;+zf]wg 5}7f}+===========================

11. vl/b rqm (Procurement Cycle)
qmdj4 lqmofsnfkx?sf] rlqmo k|lqmof dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs vl/b sfo{ ;DkGg x'g] k|ls|ofnfO{ vl/b rqm elgG5
The Procurement cycle is the cyclical process of key steps when procuring goods or services.
- Chartered Institute Procurement and Supply

12. Vfl/b rqm ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd :jLs[lt e'QmfgL / n]vf k/LIf0f
cfjZostf klxrfg
e'QmfgL / n]vf k/LIf0f
k/LIf0f / sfo{ :jLsf/ sfo{ ;DkGg
ljj/0f - :k]s, 8«OË, l8hfOg _ / nO tof/L / :jLs[lt
Vfl/b rqm
vl/b ;Demf}tf / sfof{Gjog
vl/b of]hgf tof/L tyf :jLs[lt
-vl/b ljlw 5gf}6_
jf]nkq :jLs[lt, ;"rgf / k'g/fjnf]sg Joj:yf
jf]nkq sfo{ljlw
jf]nkq sfuhft tof/L / :jLs[lt
jf]nkq cfj\xfg
jf]nkq ljqmL, ;+zf]wg, lkmtf{ / k|flKt
jf]nkq d"Nof+sg / l;kmfl/;

13. Role of PPMO
Monitoring of public procurement
Advice and Opinions
Training and interaction
Research and Publication
SBD preparation
e- GP operation
Blacklisting

14. ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^# ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf] kl/efiff -bkmf @ v_
;+a}wflgs c+u jf lgsfo, cbfnt, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] dGqfno, ljefu, ;lrjfno, ljefu / cGtu{tsf ;/sf/L lgsfo jf sfof{nox¿
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf clwsf+z :jfldTj jf lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] ;+:yfg, sDkgL, a}+s jf ;ldlt jf ;fj{hlgs :t/df :yflkt jf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ul7t cfof]u, ;+:yfg, k|flws/0f, lgud, k|lti7fg, af]8{, s]Gb|, kl/ifb\ cflb
g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ;+rflnt jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf clwsf+z cg'bfg k|fKt ljZjljBfno, dxfljBfno, cg';Gwfg s]Gb| / cGo k|fl1s÷ z}lIfs ;+:yfx¿
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] C0f tyf cg'bfgdf ;+rflnt ;+:yfx¿
:yfgLo tx / ljsf; ;ldltx¿-ljsf; ;ldlt

15. ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g adf]lhd vl/b ;DaGwL afWosf/L Joj:yf -bkmf #_
;fj{hlgs lgsfon] vl/b ubf{ ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L vl/b ug'{ kg]{ .
;fj{hlgs vl/b sf] k|lts'n x'g] u/L ul/Psf] vl/b ab/ tyf cdfGo x'g] .

16. /fo k/fdz{
s'g} lg0f{o ug'{kg]{ ljifosf ;DjGwdf sfg"gL låljwf ePdf cflwsfl/s lgsfoaf6 dfu adf]lhd lbOg] lnlvt k/fdz{ g} /fo k/fdz{ xf] .
of] sfg"gL låljwf ePdf dfq dfu ul/G5 .
lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/Ln] dfu ug'{ k5{ .
o;n] sfg"g adf]lhd lg0f{o ug{ d2t u5{ .

17. #= /fo k/fdz{ dfu ug'{kg]{ sf/0f M
-;fj{hlgs vl/b sf] bkmf ^% adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nodf /fo k/fdz{ dfu ubf{ ;fj{hlgs lgsfox?n] e/L k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0fsf] 9fFrf_
!= dfldnfsf] ;+lIfKt k[i7e"dL M
-;d:ofsf] Joxf]/f pNn]v ug]{ h:t} – sfdsf] Joxf]/f, sfo{ k|s[of, xfn;Ddsf] sfo{ cj:yf tyf k/]sf] d'Vo ;d:of_
@= ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g / lgodfjnLsf] s'g bkmf -jf lgod_ sf] sf/0faf6 k/]sf] ;d:of M
-låljwf tyf c:ki6tfsf ljifox? tyf ;DalGwt bkmf / lgodx? pNn]v
ug'{kg]{_
#= /fo k/fdz{ dfu ug'{kg]{ sf/0f M
-;d:ofnfO{ s] sf/0fn] sfg"gaf6 :ki6 x'g ;s]g ;d:of ljj/0f ;lxt_
$= ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;fj{hlgs lgsfonfO{ nfu]sf] pko'Qm pkfo
;lxtsf] l;kmfl/; M
-;+u7gsf] sfo{ cfjZostfsf] cfwf/df pko'Qm nfu]sf] l;kmfl/;_

18. sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL Aoa:yf -;fj{hflgs vl/b P]g @)^#, bkmf ^# )
PPMO n] sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg ;Sg]
cjlw M ! b]lv # jif{ ;Dd
sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng gkfpg]
sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg ;lsg] cj:yfx? M
bkmf sf] cfr/0f ljk/Lt sfo{ u/]df
l:js[ltsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftf ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf
vl/b ;Demf}tf sfo{Gjog ubf{ ;f/e"t ?kdf q'6L u/]sf] jf ;Demf}tf cg'?ksf] bfloTj ;f/e"t ?kdf kfngf gu/]sf] jf ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] u'0f:t/ gePsf] s'/f kl5 k|dfl0ft ePdf
kmf}hbf/L s;"/df cbfntaf6 bf]ifL 7xl/Pdf
of]Uotf 9fF6L jf em'Sofgdf kf/L vl/b ;Demf}tf u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf

19. sfnf];"rLdf /fVg] k|lqmof
;fj{hlgs lgsfon] sfnf];"rLdf /fVg n]vL k7fpg]
#) lbg sf] Dofb lbO{ :kli6s/0f PPMO n] dfu ug]{
;+o"Qm ;'g'jfO{sf] Joj:yf PPMO n] ug{ ;Sg]
PPMO n] cfa:ostf cg';f/ b'a} kIfsf] ;'g'jfO{ u/L 5 dlxgf leq lg0f{o lbg' kg]{5 / sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ePdf lghnfO{ lnlvt ?kdf hfgsf/L lbg] ;fy} ;fj{hflgs ;"rgf hf/L ug'{ kg]{ .
sfnf] ;"rLaf6 km's'jfsf] nflu PPMO n] dfkb08 tof/ ug]{
sfof{nodf clen]v / website df /flvg] .

20. k'g/fjnf]sg k|s[of, Procurement Complain
k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt -P]gsf] bkmf $*_ M
;fj{hlgs vl/b k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldtsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg sf] nfuL g]kfn ;/sf/n] cWoIf ;lxt # hgf;b:o/x]sf] lgDg cg';f/sf] ;ldlt u7g ub{5 .
k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] Gofolw; jf k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] Gofolw; eO ;s]sf] JolQm jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kbjf6 cjsfz k|fKt dWo]jf6 Pshgf============ cWoIf
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] OlGhlgo/Lª ;]jfsf] /fhkqfls+t k|yd >]0fLjf6 cjsfz k|fKt JolQmx? dWo] jf6 Ps hgf =================== ;b:o
;fj{hlgs vl/b ;DjGwL laifodf ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf jxfn g/x]sf] cg'elj tyf la1 JolQmx? dWo]jf6 Ps hgf ==========;b:o

21. k'g/fjnf]sg k|s[of
;fj{hlgs lgsfodf k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nfuL lgj]bg -P]gsf] bkmf $&, lgodfjnLsf] lgod !))_
jf]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjstf{n] cfzo kq k7fPsf] & lbg leq jf yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] & lbg leq
lgj]bg vl/b ;Demf}tf x''g' eGbf cl3 dfq l;ldt
cjwL gf3L k|fKt ePsf lgj]bg pk/ sf/jfxL gx'g]
lgj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/fx? M lgj]bssf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ;+:yfsf] eP clwsf/ kq, af]nkq ;+Vof, lgj]bg lbg'kg]{ tYout / sfg"gL cfwf/ / ;Da4 sfuhsf] k|ltlnlk
s/f]8 eGbf 36Lsf] ;DjGwdf k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltdf lgj]bg lbg g;lsg]

22. ;fj{hlgs vl/b k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltdf ;DjGwLt jf]nkqbftf jf k/fdz{bftfn] k'g/fj]bgsf] nfuL lgj]bg -P]gsf] bkmf $(, %) / lgod !)#, !)$_
lgj]bg lbPsf]df % lbg leq lg0f{o lbg'kg{], lg0f{o lbPsf]df lrQ gj'em]sf]df jf % lbg leq lg0f{o glbPdf ;f] sf] & lbg leq lgj]bg lbg]
lgj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/fx? M lgj]bssf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ;+:yfsf] eP clwsf/ kq, vl/b sf/jfxLsf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f, ;Demf}tf eO{;s]sf] eP ldlt / k|fKt ug]{ cfk'tL{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf ;]jf k|bfos, lgj]bsn] kfpg' kg]{ / ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug]{n] gkfpg' kg]{ tYout / sfg"gL cfwf/, ;'/Iffsf] nflu ;ldltn] s'g} ljz]if pkfo ul/lbg'kg]{ eP To:tf] pkfo / ;Demf}tf k|fKt gu/]sf sf/0fn] ePsf] jf k''Ug ;Sg] jf:tljs xfgL gf]S;fgL .

23. sjf]n u/]sf] /sdsf] )=!% k|ltzt gub w/f}6L jf j}+s hdfgt
# lbg leq k'g/fj]bg ;ldltn] ;DjlGwt ;fj{hlgs lgsfonfO{ lgj]bg tyf ;f] ;+u ;+nUg sfuhftsf] k|ltlnkL k7fO{ hfgsf/L / k|lts[ofsf] nfuL k7fpg' kg]{
lgsfon] # lbg leq ;f] sf] hfgsf/L / k|lts[of ;ldltnfO{ lbg'kg]{
k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltjf6 lg0f{o geP;Dd ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] vl/b sf/jfxL /f]Ssf /fVg' k5{ .
b'j} kIfnfO{ pkl:yt u/fO{ cfjZos s'/fx? j'emg]
lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] #) lbg leq lg0f{o lbg' k5{ .
vl/b k|s[ofsf ;DjGwdf ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5 .

24. Issues in Public Procurement
Packaging
Resources Management in multiyear Project
Site Clearance, EIA, IEE/Site possession PQ
Extension of Bid Validity Period
Bid Capacity, Works in Hand
DLP –Rarely Claim by PEs
Advanced Payment
Emergency Procurement
Acceleration/Speeding Up

25. SBDs preparing by PPMO Bid document of Direct purchase
Bid document of Other Services
Sealed Quotation Works and Goods
EPC Document
Design and Build Document
Framework Agreement Document
Standard of P Q
Standard of V O, Price Adjustment, Emergency Procurement, DLP Management

26. wGojfb