1. How to Keep Your Teeth and Mouth Healthy
Devon
NHS
How to Keep Your Teeth and Mouth Healthy
Today we are going to talk about how to keep your teeth and mouth healthy.

2. Today....... Teeth Gums What can go wrong How to prevent it
Healthy eating
We will be looking at… Tooth decay;
What it looks like;
What causes it;
How you can stop it from happening;
How to look after your teeth and gums.

3. We use our teeth for........ Talking Eating Smiling
What do we use our teeth for?
Eating:
We use our front teeth for biting , our back teeth for chewing.
Talking:
We use our teeth to help us talk.
Smiling:
We show our teeth when we smile.

4. Different types of teeth......
What is the name and job of each type of tooth?
chewing
and
grinding
canine
gripping
and
tearing
molar
biting
and
cutting
incisor
Name the different teeth?
What do we use each tooth for?

5. Label the different types of teeth in the mouth
Look at the diagram - can you label the teeth.
premolar
incisor
molar
canine

6. Structure of a tooth This is a picture of a tooth cut in half.
It shows what is underneath the enamel layer.
Dentine and pulp which contains blood vessels and nerves.

7. Animals have teeth
Animals have different types of teeth depending on what they use their teeth for.
Gorillas teeth are similar to ours.
Crocodiles only have canine teeth.

8. Why do we brush our teeth...
We brush our teeth to remove plaque.
This is shown by the yellow band between the teeth and gums.

9. Plaque bacteria on teeth
This is a picture of plaque bacteria on the teeth.

10. Twice a day for two minutes
We brush our teeth......
Morning
Night
We brush our teeth twice a day .
In the morning and just before we go to bed.
We should not have anything to eat or drink after we have brushed our teeth.
You need to brush your teeth for two minutes.
Twice a day for two minutes

11. We need help with brushing.
A grown up will need to help you with tooth brushing until you are 8 years old.

12. Check your toothbrush regularly. Change your brush every 3 months.
You should change your toothbrush when it starts to look like the green one or every 3 months.
You should not share a brush as bacteria can go into your mouth from the brush.
And don’t share.

13. Manual v Power
There are two types of brush - manual and power. You need to choose which brush works best for you.
The head of the tooth brush should be the same size as a pound coin.

14. containing 1350 to 1500 ppm fluoride
Family fluoride toothpaste
Pea sized amount of toothpaste for children over 3 years of age
Use a pea sized amount of family fluoride toothpaste which contains 1350 to 1500 parts per million of fluoride.
The amount of fluoride can be found on the back of the toothpaste tube.
containing 1350 to 1500 ppm fluoride 15

15. X Use a dry toothbrush When you brush your teeth use a dry toothbrush.
Spit out but do not rinse.

16. 1 2 4 3
Start with the toothbrush at an angle of 45O to the teeth with the bristles contacting the tooth surface and the gum line.
Gently brush the outer surfaces of the teeth using small circular motions. Move the brush to the next 2-3 teeth and repeat. Work slowly round the mouth in a systematic fashion overlapping each area keeping the bristles angled at 45O to the gum line. Repeat for the inside surfaces. (If you are using an electric, hold the brush at the gum line and let it do the work.)
Place the brush against the biting surfaces of the teeth and use a gentle back and forth scrubbing motion.
Tilt the brush vertically behind the front teeth. Make several small circular strokes using the front half of the brush.
With thanks to Pierre Fabre Oral Care for use of the pictures.

17. Are these teeth clean ? We should clean our teeth twice a day.
But do we always do it properly ?
Do these teeth look clean?

18. Disclosing tablets
Use a disclosing tablet to show you how much plaque you have on your teeth.
Plaque is the same colour as the teeth and hard to see. These tablets can be used to stain the plaque a different colour.

19. Disclosed plaque plaque on teeth plaque between teeth plaque on gums
The coloured areas show the plaque on the teeth.
You need to make sure you brush your teeth and the gums.

20. Fissure in a Molar Tooth
This is an electron micrograph of a fissure in a molar tooth with a toothbrush bristle.
Notice the plaque at the bottom of the fissure which the bristle cannot access.
Brushing teeth cannot remove all the plaque and sugar and therefore does not prevent caries.
Reducing the frequency of sugar intake prevents dental caries.

21. What goes wrong with teeth - decay
Tooth decay is one of the most common childhood diseases but it can be stopped.

22. How Teeth Decay...... There are millions of GOOD and BAD bacteria
in our mouths
The bad bacteria eats the sugar and changes it into acid
The acid damages the enamel on the teeth
Which then causes decay
or holes in our teeth
Teeth decay when bacteria damages the enamel on the teeth.
This causes holes in our teeth.

23. Effect of sugar on the teeth6 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 A M P
(Acid levels in the mouth over 24 hours)
Morning
Acid
Neutral
Afternoon
tea
lunch
breakfast
Every time we have something to eat or drink the bacteria changes the sugar into acid and the acid will stay on our teeth for at least half an hour.
So we need to keep all sugary foods and drinks to mealtimes.

24. (Acid levels in the mouth over 24 hours)
Eating Pattern Bad for Teeth
Morning
Acid
Neutral
(Acid levels in the mouth over 24 hours)
Afternoon 6 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 A M P
tea
lunch
breakfast
sugar snack
The more often we eat sugary snacks, means we produce more acid and the teeth have less time to recover.

25. Tooth decay…
Tooth decay is caused by the sugary foods and drinks we have.
Drinks that contain sugar cause decay in the front teeth.
Snacks and sticky, sweet foods that we eat can cause damage to the back teeth.

26. Gum Disease Gum disease is another disease that you can prevent.
Plaque builds up around the teeth. If this is not brushed off the gums can swell and bleed.
The whole tooth needs brushing down to the gum.

27. Healthy Mouth
If we look after our teeth we can have a healthy mouth.

28. Visit the Dentist Regularly
You need to visit the dentist regularly.
The dentist will look at your teeth, count them and show you how to look after them.

29. A healthy diet is important for our teeth
To have a healthy diet we need to make sure you eat something from each of the food groups every day.
Sugars should be saved for mealtimes.
There are no healthy or unhealthy foods – only healthy or unhealthy diets

30. Healthy Snacks – Choose Carefully
Bread
Breadsticks
Vegetables
If you need a snack between meals, then choose healthy food and drinks.
These items are healthy snacks which do not contain sugar.
Fruit
Crackers
Sandwiches

31. Snacks that should be kept to mealtimes
Cereal Bar
Sweet Popcorn
Cakes
Sugary and sticky foods and sweets are foods that can be eaten at mealtimes only - not like ‘everyday’ foods that can be eaten all the time.
Dried Fruit
Sweets
Biscuits
Acknowledgement of graphic source:
NSW Department of Health. Early childhood oral health guidelines for child health professionals. Sydney. NSW Department of Health, 2009

32. Sugar Content
47g
95g
31g
28g
30g
77g
47g
This shows the amount of sugar in some sweets.

33. Safe drinks between meals
Safe drinks between meals are water and milk.
Water
Milk

34. Drinks that may damage your teeth
There are lots of drinks that can damage teeth.
All juices including orange and apple.
All fizzy drinks including sugar free.
If you add anything to water or milk like milkshake that changes the milk it can damage your teeth.
All these drinks should be kept to special occasions and have them at mealtimes.

35. If you take a drink to bed this should only be WATER
(milk can cause damage to teeth at night times)
If you take a drink to bed with you it should only be water.
Milk can cause damage to teeth during the night.
Have milk during the day.

36. Think Carefully On the effects that: can have on your mouth
Sugar snacks and drinks between meals
Unhealthy Eating
Forgetting to brush your teeth
Not going to the dentist regularly
Be very careful with the way you look after your teeth.
can have on your mouth

37. Guide to a Healthy Mouth
Brushing your teeth twice a day with
fluoride toothpaste
Healthy eating
Regular visits to the dentist
The healthier your teeth are the happier you will be!
To have a healthy mouth make sure you:
Brush your teeth twice a day.
Eat healthily.
Visit the dentist regularly.

38. Look after your teeth.
Look after your teeth.