1. What is the difference between weather and climate?

2. Climate

3. Climate
Average weather conditions at a location over a long period of time.
Determined by temperature and precipitation.

4. 4 Factors Affecting Climate (Temperature & Precipitation)

5. Latitude (uneven heating from equator to poles)

6. Elevation (temperature drops the higher your elevation)

7. 3. Distance from Large Bodies of Water (oceans, seas, large lakes)
oceans hold their heat longer creating mild coastal climates

8. 4. Ocean Currents Warm-water currents warm coastal climates
Cold-water currents cool coastal climates.

9. (Temperature and Precipitation)
Climate Zones
(Temperature and Precipitation)

10. FOUR Basic Climate Zones (Based on Temperature & Precipitation)
Tropical – (0-25 degrees latitude) warm temps year round & high levels of precipitation
Desert (Arid) – (25-35 degrees latitude) hot temps during day & low levels of precipitation
Temperate – (35-60 degrees latitude) seasonal temps & moderate/seasonal precipitation
Polar – (60-90 degrees latitude) cold temps year round & low levels of precipitation

11. FOUR Basic Climate Zones

12. Reading a Climate Graph
READ ONLY - Climate graphs are used to illustrate the average temperature and rainfall experienced at a particular place over the course of a year. The graphs consist of a red line graph showing average monthly temperature, and a simple column graph showing average monthly rainfall figures. Rainfall is, by tradition, shown in blue. Which of the FOUR climate zones are both Portland & Minneapolis?

13. Climate Change

14. El Nino (impact on global climate for 1-2 yrs)
Dry conditions in the western Pacific (Australia & Indonesia)
Heavy rainfall in South America (Peru) & Southern U.S.
Mild winter temps in Northern U.S.

15. Volcanic Eruption (1-100s of yrs depending on size of eruption)
Volcanic dust & sulfur dioxide blocks solar energy

16. Meteor Impact (similar to volcanic eruptions)

17. Global Warming (human impact on atmosphere, could be 100s of yrs)

18. Ice Ages (1000s of yrs)

19. Ice Age (from ocean current “conveyor belt”)

20. Continental Drift (millions of yrs)