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Western Expansion Timeline

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Presentation on theme: "Western Expansion Timeline"— Presentation transcript:

1 Western Expansion Timeline
WAR WITH MEXICO – MORMONS – CALIFORNIA & UTAH

2 1500s Spanish Conquistadors arrive where Native Americans lived for thousands of years 1610 Spanish founded the settlement of Santa Fe Missionaries & Conquistadores

3 1700s 1821 Spanish explorers/missionaries from Mexico settled in CA
Captain Gaspar de Portola & Father Juipero Serra = chain of missions from San Diego to Sonoma 1821 Mexico (& New Mexico Territory) won independence from Spain Feared Americans would take over Santa Fe & other territories, welcomed traders = good for economy William Becknell = first American trader, route = Santa Fe trail California becomes a Mexican State Ranchos & Rancheros

4 1830 1844 The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Mormon Church founder = Joseph Smith Received visions Began preaching in 1830 Published The Book of Mormon = translation of words written on golden plates he received from an angel = the coming of the Christ and the need to build a kingdom on Earth 1844 Joseph Smith killed Brigham Young takes over Moves Mormons to Great Salt Lake (Utah) in 1847

5 1846 President Polk wants California & New Mexico territories
Mexico refuses to sell = Polk plans to acquire through war US Sends John Slidell to Mexico with a $30 million offer = Mexico refused to discuss offer, wants to reclaim TX Polk ordered General Zachary Taylor to lead US forces into the Rio Grande April 25, 1846 = Mexican troops attack Taylor’s forces May 13, 1846 = Congress passes declaration of war against Mexico Polk’s plan = 1. US drive Mexican forces out of TX, 2. seize NM & CA, 3. US forces advance into Mexico & capture Mexico City

6 1846 California Uprising Encouraged by US General John C. Fremont
June 14, 1846, US declared CA independent Renamed it The Bear Flag Republic US warships arrived in San Francisco and San Diego to claim republic for the US

7 1847 1848 1853 February 2 = The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed
Zachary Taylor = captured towns between Mexico & TX General Stephen Kearny = marched troops down the Santa Fe Trail, captured NM capitol of Santa Fe, Mexican governor flees September 1847 = General Winfield Scott captures Mexico City 1848 February 2 = The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed Mexican Cession 500,000 square miles of territory (AZ, NM, CO, WY) Accepted Rio Grande as border 1853 Gadsden Purchase (southern portions of AZ & NM)

8 1848 Gold Discovered at Sutter’s Mill
People traveled from all over the world to CA Those who arrived in 1849 = 49ers 80% = Americans ~300 from China = first large group of Asian immigrants Gold Rush = vigilantes

9 1850 1851 1896 California becomes a free state
Utah Territory est. = Brigham Young governor 1851 The Land Law Est. a group of reviewers to examine Californios’ (Mexicans living in CA) land laws Californio would have to prove their land ownership when new settlers came 1896 Utah becomes a free state


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