1. Nonverbal Communication
Chapter Nine:
Nonverbal Communication
J.S. O’Rourke, IV
University of Notre Dame / USA

2. Communication
If communication is the transfer of meaning, which we accomplish largely through the use of verbal symbols, then nonverbal communication would be . . .
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3. Nonverbal Communication
The transfer of meaning without the use of verbal symbols.
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4. Nonverbal Categories Sign language. Action language. Object language.
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5. The Nonverbal Process
Cue: We perceive a nonverbal cue (sight, sound, touch, taste, or smell).
Expectation: We compare what we perceive to our expectations.
Inference: We infer meaning based on how closely our perceptions match our expectations.
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6. Functions of Nonverbal Communication
Accenting
Complementing
Contradicting
Regulating
Repeating
Substituting
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7. Functions of Nonverbal Communication
Accenting
Complementing
Contradicting
Regulating
Repeating
Substituting
Copyright ©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

8. Functions of Nonverbal Communication
Accenting
Complementing
Contradicting
Regulating
Repeating
Substituting
Copyright ©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

9. Functions of Nonverbal Communication
Accenting
Complementing
Contradicting
Regulating
Repeating
Substituting
Copyright ©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

10. Functions of Nonverbal Communication
Accenting
Complementing
Contradicting
Regulating
Repeating
Substituting
Copyright ©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

11. Functions of Nonverbal Communication
Accenting
Complementing
Contradicting
Regulating
Repeating
Substituting
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12. Principles of Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal communication occurs in a context.
Nonverbal communication is usually packaged.
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13. Principles of Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal behavior communicates, always. In other words, try as you might, you cannot not communicate.
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14. Principles of Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal behavior is meta-communicational. This means, essentially, that all such behavior is really about communication itself.
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15. Dimensions of the Nonverbal Code
Kinesics:
Emblems
Illustrators
Affect displays
Regulators
Adaptors
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16. Dimensions of the Nonverbal Code
Kinesics:
Emblems
Illustrators
Affect displays
Regulators
Adaptors
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17. Dimensions of the Nonverbal Code
Kinesics:
Emblems
Illustrators
Affect displays
Regulators
Adaptors
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18. Dimensions of the Nonverbal Code
Kinesics:
Emblems
Illustrators
Affect displays
Regulators
Adaptors
Copyright ©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

19. Dimensions of the Nonverbal Code
Kinesics:
Emblems
Illustrators
Affect displays
Regulators
Adaptors
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20. Dimensions of the Nonverbal Code
Physical Characteristics.
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21. Dimensions of the Nonverbal Code
Artifacts. Any human-made object. May include clothing, jewelry, or any of our possessions.
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22. Dimensions of the Nonverbal Code
Space
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23. Dimensions of the Nonverbal Code
Touch
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24. Dimensions of the Nonverbal Code
Smell
Acoustics
Silence
Paralanguage
Time
Color
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25. Some Effects of Nonverbal Communication
Sometimes nonverbal cues are easy to read.
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Photo Courtesy of The Observer, University of Notre Dame

26. Some Effects of Nonverbal Communication
And sometimes nonverbal cues are difficult to interpret.
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27. Some Effects of Nonverbal Communication
We often read into some cues much that isn’t there, and fail to read some cues that are clearly present.
We’re not as skilled at this as we tend to think we are.
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