1. Warm Up
1.What is STP? 2. How much space does 1 mole of hydrogen gas occupy at STP? 3. How many torr is in 5 atm? 4. Convert 30 Celsius to Kelvin.
Standard temperature pressure 1. 0Celsius 1 atm
torr
Agenda
-Pick up binders (40pts)
-Notes Chp 12-3 (gas laws) -WS The gas law
Homework
Quiz next class

2. 12-3 The Gas Laws
Mathematical relationships between volume, temperature, pressure and amount of gas

3. Combined Gas Law: Pressure, Volume &Temperature
Combines all three gas laws into one equation!!
Memorize this equation!!!
P1V1 =
P2V2 T1 T2
Remember: all temperatures must be in Kelvin!!!

4. Combined Law: Example 1
A helium filled balloon has a volume of 50.0 L at 25 ºC and 1.08 atm. What volume will it have at atm and 10 ºC?
Given:
V1 = 50.0 L
P1 = 1.08 atm
T1 = 25 ºC = 298 K P2 = atm
T2 = 10 ºC = 283 K
V2=
Find: V2

5. Combined Law: Example 2
A sample of air has a volume of mL at 67 ºC under 2 atm. At what temperature will its volume be 50.0 mL under 2 atm?
Given:
V1 = L
T1 = 67 ºC = 340 K V2 = 50.0 mL
P1 = P2
Find: T2

6. Boyle’s Law: Pressure & Volume
As pressure increases, volume decreases
↑P ↓V
↓P ↑V
P1V1 = P2V2

7. Boyle’s Law Think about why this is true:
Pressure is caused by gas molecules hitting the container
If the volume of the container is decreased, the same number of gas molecules are moving in a much smaller area & will hit the container more often

8. Boyle’s Law: Example 1
A sample of oxygen gas has a volume of 150 mL when its pressure is atm. What will the volume of the gas be at a pressure of atm?
Given:
V1 = 150 mL
P1 = atm
P2 = atm
Find: V2

9. Boyle’s Law: Example 1 Given: V1 = 150 mL P1 = 0.947 atm
Find: V2
Plan:
P1V1 =
P2V2 V2 P2
Solve: V2 =
(0.947atm)(150 mL)
0.987 atm
144 mL
Check: ↑P ↓V ? yes

10. Boyle’s Law: Example 2
A gas has a pressure of 1.26 atm and occupies a volume of 7.40 L. If the gas is compressed to a volume of 2.93 L, what will its pressure be?
Given:
P1 = 1.26 atm
V1 = 7.40 L
V2 = 2.93 L
Find: P2

11. Boyle’s Law: Example 2 Given: P1 = 1.26 atm V1 = 7.40 L V2 = 2.93 L
Find: P2
Plan:
P1V1 =
P2V2 P2 V2
Solve: P2 =
(1.26atm)(7.40 L)
2.93 L
3.18 atm
Check: ↓V ↑P ? yes

12. Charles’s Law: Volume & Temperature
When temperature increases, volume increases
↑T ↑V
↓T ↓ V
All temperatures must be in Kelvin!!! V1 = V2 T1 T2

13. Charles’s Law Think about why this is true:
Increase in temp. causes molecules to move faster
Faster molecules  more collisions
More collisions  more pressure inside container
More pressure  bigger volume

14. Charles’s Law: Example 1
A sample of neon gas occupies a volume of 752 mL at 25 ºC. What volume will the gas occupy at 50 ºC?
Given:
V1 = 752 mL
T1 = 25 ºC = 298 K
T2 = 50 ºC = 323 K
Find: V2

15. Charles’s Law: Example 1
Given:
V1 = 752 mL
T1 = 25 ºC = 298 K
T2 = 50 ºC = 323 K
Find: V2
Plan: V1 = V2 T1 T2
V1 T2
Solve: V2 =
(752 mL)(323 K)
298 K
815 mL
Check: ↑T ↑ V ? yes

16. Charles’s Law: Example 2
A helium balloon has a volume of 2.75 L at 20 ºC. If you bring it outside on a cold day, the volume decreases to 2.46 L. What is the outside temperature in ºC?
Given:
V1 = 2.75 L
T1 = 20 ºC = 293 K
V2 = 2.46 L
Find: T2

17. Charles’s Law: Example 2
Given:
V1 = 2.75 L
T1 = 20 ºC = 293 K
V2 = 2.46 L
Find: T2
Plan: V1 = V2 T1 T2
V2 T1
Solve: T2 =
(2.46 L)(293 K)
2.75 L
262 K – 273 = -11 ºC
Check: ↓ V ↓ T ? yes

18. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure & Temperature
When temperature increases, pressure increases
↑T ↑P
↓T ↓P
Remember: all temperatures must be in Kelvin!!! P1 = P2 T1 T2

19. Gay-Lussac’s Law Think about why this is true:
Increase in temp. causes molecules to move faster
Faster molecules  more collisions
More collisions  more pressure inside container

20. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Example 1
Gas in an aerosol can is at a pressure of 3.00 atm 25 ºC. What would the pressure be in the can at 52 ºC?
Given:
P1 = 3.00 atm
T1 = 25 ºC = 298 K
T2 = 52 ºC = 325 K
Find: P2

21. Gay-Lussac’s Law : Example 1
Given:
P1 = 3.00 atm
T1 = 25 ºC = 298 K
T2 = 52 ºC = 325 K
Find: P2
Plan: P1 = P2 T1 T2
P1 T2
Solve: P2 =
(3.00 atm)(325 K)
298 K
3.27 atm
Check: ↑T ↑P ? yes

22. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Example 2
Before you leave on a road trip, the pressure in your car tires is 1.8 atm at 20 ºC. After driving all day, the pressure gauge read 1.9 atm. What temperature (in ºC) are your tires?
Given:
P1 = 1.8 atm
T1 = 20 ºC = 293 K
P2 = 1.9 atm
Find: T2

23. Gay-Lussac’s Law : Example 2
Given:
P1 = 1.8 atm
T1 = 20 ºC = 293 K
P2 = 1.9 atm
Find: T2
Plan: P1 = P2 T1 T2
P2 T1
Solve: T2 =
(1.9 atm)(293 K)
1.8 atm
310 K – 273 = 37 ºC
Check: ↑P ↑ T ? yes

24. Quiz Topics Next Class KMT Properties of Gases
Combined gas law calculation
P, V, T relationship
Converting Celsius to Kelvin