1. The Roman Empire
Chapter 8-Section 2

2. Recognize the technological achievements that influence civilizations
Objectives
Discuss how modern republican forms of government have their origins in ancient cultures.
Recognize the technological achievements that influence civilizations

3. Essential Question
How was Rome’s technological achievements related to the growth and development of the empire?

4. Ruling an Empire

5. Rise to Power for Octavian
When Octavian came to power, Roman control had already spread far beyond Italy
After he was declared Augustus( meaning emperor) of Rome, he gained even more territory for Rome

6. Ruling an Empire
The Roman empire stretched from Britain to Egypt, and lands around the Mediterranean.
Augustus, an intelligent ruler, showed great respect for the senate and tried not to act like a king.
However, that did not happen!
The Senate and the Roman citizens gave Augustus as much power as he desired-so long as he maintained peace in Rome.

7. Governing Conquered People
The Romans took some slaves, but mostly allowed conquered people to remain free.
Under these new conquered territories, the Romans created provinces(an area of the empire).
The Romans allowed these people to follow their own religions, and allowed local rulers to run daily affairs.

8. Nut Job Nero
Nero murdered his mother, and his first wife. He murdered his wife, because he no longer took a liking to her.
He blamed the great fire of Rome on the Christians, and there are stories that Nero ordered Christians dipped in oil, hung from poles, and set ablaze in his garden. It was said Nero would take walks through the garden at night to admire the burning bodies.
He was declared an enemy of the state due to his insane actions, but he would commit suicide to avoid being assassinated.

9. The Five “Good Emperors”
Augustus died in AD 14, and his death issued great and terrible leaders that followed.
Two of the worst leaders were Caligula and Nero.
Caligula impregnated his favorite sister, and due to his baldness-declared it against the law for anyone to look down on him.
Hadrian was the greatest leader of the five "good emperors". He introduced the following changes to Rome
Passed laws protecting women, children and slaves
Reorganized the army so soldiers could defend their home provinces
Built a great wall around the island of British Isles
Encouraged learning

10. The Greek Influence on Rome

11. The Greek Influence on Rome
The Romans admired Greek achievements, so much so-the Romans visited Greek to study Greek art, architecture, and ideas about government
The Romans practiced polytheism( belief in more than one god) and offered prayers and sacrifices to their gods.
The Roman gods were similar to the Greek gods, such as the Roman god Minerva-is similar to Athena
The Romans used the studies of mathematics, philosophy and astronomy to build and organize their world.

12. Architecture and Technology

13. Architecture and Technology
Early Roman art imitated the Etruscan and Greek style.
Later, Roman statues and buildings were heavier and stronger than the Greeks.
The Romans used arches(a curved structure used as a support over an open space) to build large structures
Homes were normally made of bricks, but the Romans developed a new building material-concrete

14. The Colosseum
Perhaps the greatest Roman building ever built was the Colosseum, which was the site of contests between people and animals.
The building could hold up to 50,000 people, and the walls were built so that the floor of the arena could be flooded for mock naval battles
The Colosseum was damaged by the great earthquake in 1349, causing the south side of the building to collapse

15. Roads and Aqueducts
The Romans were famous for their aqueducts( structures that carried water over long distances) used throughout the empire
The aqueducts were huge lines of arches, often many miles long
Roman aqueducts tunneled through mountains and spanned valleys.

16. Quick Write: What was the purpose of aqueducts?
Question
Quick Write: What was the purpose of aqueducts?

17. Roman Law Like Roman roads, Roman law spread throughout the empire.
A ruler named Justinian created a code of justice from Roman law
Our law is modeled after the Romans in that a person being accused of a crime has a right to face their accuser

18. Ancient Rome song!

19. THE END!